Canine leptospirosis: e etiological, serological and molecular diagnosis and evaluation of cross-protection between sevorars icterohaemorrhagiae and copenhageni / Leptospirose canina: diagnóstico etiológico, sorológico e molecular e avaliação da proteção cruzada entre os sorovares icterohaemorrhagiae e copenhageni

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

A research on agglutinating antibodies (AAc) anti-leptospira has been performed, through microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and attempts of isolation of the etiologic agent in 29 dogs with clinical suspicious of leptospirosis. There was also made a research of Leptospira spp.´s genetic material, using polimerase chain reaction (PCR) in 24 urine samples of the same dogs. With the aim to determine the cross protection between serovars icterohaemorrhagiae and copenhageni, 24 adult dogs were evaluated before and after vaccination with one dose of a vaccine containing icterohaemorrhagiae, canicola, grippotyphosa and pomona antigens, by the in vitro inhibition growth test (GIT) of serovars canicola, icterohaemorrhagiae and copenhageni. The AAc anti-copenhageni titers were the most frequently obseeved in the dogs with clinical suspicious of leptospirosis, existing however, cross reaction among different serovars. There were isolated four samplas of leptospira, of witch three were all characterizated by polyclonal antibodies and Variable Nunber Tandem Repeat (VNTR) as serovar canicola. The fourth isolated sample reacted in high titers to polyclonal antisera anti-copenhageno (51.200), but is was not tested with antisera anti-icterohaemorrhagiae. By VNTR technique, this sample was classified as belonging to the serogroup icterohaemorrhagiae, and finally by the use of monoclonal antibodies F70 C24, F70 C14-10, F12 C3-11 and F89 C12, for differentiation of the representatives of serogroup icterohaemorrhagiae. This isolated sample presented the immunological behavior of serovar copenhageni (standard strain LI 130, FIOCRUZ - Bahia). Considering the sorologic criteria confirmation of clinical diagnosis of leptospirosis, titers higher or equal than 800 in a unique serum sample, or the increase or decrease of four times of AAc titers (two dilutions) in two paired serum samples, there was the conformation of etiologic diagnosis in 9 of the 24 dogs (37,5%) by MAT. However, 11 out of 24 urine samples (45,8%) were positive at PCR. The association of both techniques allowed the diagnostic conformation in 15 dogs (62,5%). The prevaccinal neutralizing antibodies (NAc) titers (TL50) were respectively 1,444±0,278, 0,725±0,317 and 0,583±0,322. And the postvaccinal titers were respectively 1,455±0,287, 1,475±0,270 and 0,510±0,304. Considering the NAc titer higher than 1 as a protective titer against leptospiral infection, at prevaccinal moment the dogs still presented NAc against serovar icterohaemorrhagiae capable to protect them against natural infection, an adictional response to the vaccinal stimulus had not occurred. Concerning serovar canicola, there was a significant increase of NAc titers after immunization (p=0,001) when compared to prevaccinal moment, and a protective response was developed. Although the animals were not vacinated against serovar copenhageni, the presence of prevaccinal and postvaccinal NAc can be explained by cross reactivity between both, copenhageni and icterohaemorrhagiae, belonging to same serogroup; however, the pre- and postvaccinal titers were not of the same magnitude of those produced against serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. Therefore, the vaccine containing bacterins of serovar icterohaemorrhagiae is not capable of eliciting protective response against the heterologous serovar copenhageni.

ASSUNTO(S)

canine leptospirosis soroaglutinação microscópica isolamento polimerase chain reaction isolation reação em cadeia por polimerase in vitro growth inhibition test microagglutination test leptospirose canina teste de inibição de crescimento in vitro

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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