Brazilian Portugueses nasal diphthongation: an acoustic and aerodynamic analysis of speech / A ditongação nasal no português brasileiro: uma análise acústico-aerodinâmica da fala

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

There are several studies that characterize the nasal vowels. However, there are few studies about the nasal diphthongation. This phenomenon emerges from the articulatory gestures constellation. This can be noted by analyzing of the acousticaerodynamics parameters. The aim of this work is study the gesture configuration between the thong movement and the velum aperture during the nasal diphthongs production of the Brazilian Portuguese. We will show the effects of the coarticulation in the output and how it sets up in the acoustic and aerodynamic data. The data was recorded by the device EVA Portable 2. Thus, the airflow and the acoustic output were collected concomitantly. The corpus of this experiment was covered by ten oral and ten nasal diphthongs, between ten back and ten front:[p@w, s@w, m@w, k@w, t@w,p@)w), s@)w), m@)w), k@)w), t@)w), dej, sej, frej, hej, lej, te)j ), se)j ,) be)j ), a.mej), a. le)j)\. These words are dictionaries. They were inserted in the carry-sentence [dZi.gU__ ka.d5 dZi5] and were repeated three times, by six subjects (three men and three women); all of them are Paulistano Dialects speakers. This resulted in 360 tokens (3 × 6 × 20). The carry-sentence of the populational control was [dZi.gU__ to.dT dZi5]. This was repeated by 1/3 of the subjects. This resulted in 120 tokens (3 × 2 × 20 ). The diphthong was analyzed by Signal Explorer and Phonédit. The aerodynamic parameters studied were: the nasal and oral airflow shape; the peak of nasalization and the duration of nasal airflow. The acoustic parameters analyzed were: the movement and the configuration of the formants; the values of F0, F1, F2 and F3 were extracted of all segments; the nasal diphthongs duration in the vowel, the glide and the nasal appendix. The Average, Pattern Deviation and ANOVA were done by Excel. The dispersion graphics were made by Formant Explorer. As a result we noticed that the formants movements dependent on syllabic context. The womens formants had different values of males. The degree of the dispersion of hers was higher than him. This was showed more evident in the nasal glides. This reflects the physiological differences between the groups. The nasal airflow peak variation was p>0,5 among the sex variant. The rate of nasal airflow of the back has more volume than front, dp >0,5. The same does not happen with the nasal airflow shape. The shape pattern is independent of syllabic articulation, but the rate of nasalization depends of the articulation. We concluded that there is an aerodynamic pattern that is resulted of the thong movement and velum aperture. This product three distinct acoustic phases: vowel nasalization, glide nasal and the nasal appendix. By the aerodynamic view, in 87% of cases, the pattern shape of the nasal airflow represents three distinct phases: the first is sharp; the second is a peak; and last part is a drop line. Thus, we concluded that the nasal diphthongs have articulatory, acoustic and aerodynamic patters different from the non-nasalized segment. These reflect the adequacy of the control of variables of phonetic-phonological system and the set of these characteristics creates a single perception.

ASSUNTO(S)

aerodynamic ditongação nasal fluxo de ar airflow acústica aerodinâmica acoustic fonética phonetics nasal diphthongation

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