Brazilian guidelines for the clinical management of paracoccidioidomycosis

AUTOR(ES)

Shikanai-Yasuda, Maria Aparecida, Mendes, Rinaldo Pôncio, Colombo, Arnaldo Lopes, Queiroz-Telles, Flávio de, Kono, Adriana Satie Gonçalves, Paniago, Anamaria M. M, Nathan, André, Valle, Antonio Carlos Francisconi do, Bagagli, Eduardo, Benard, Gil, Ferreira, Marcelo Simão, Teixeira, Marcus de Melo, Silva-Vergara, Mario León, Pereira, Ricardo Mendes, Cavalcante, Ricardo de Souza, Hahn, Rosane, Durlacher, Rui Rafael, Khoury, Zarifa, Camargo, Zoilo Pires de, Moretti, Maria Luiza, Martinez, Roberto

FONTE

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

12/07/2017

RESUMO

Abstract Paracoccidioidomycosis is a systemic fungal disease occurring in Latin America that is associated with rural environments and agricultural activities. However, the incidence and prevalence of paracoccidiodomycosis is underestimated because of the lack of compulsory notification. If paracoccidiodomycosis is not diagnosed and treated early and adequately, the endemic fungal infection could result in serious sequelae. While the Paracoccidioides brasiliensis ( P. brasiliensis ) complex has been known to be the causal agent of paracoccidiodomycosis, a new species, Paracoccidioides lutzii ( P. lutzii ), has been reported in Rondônia, where the disease has reached epidemic levels, and in the Central West and Pará. Accurate diagnoses and availability of antigens that are reactive with the patients’ sera remain significant challenges. Therefore, the present guidelines aims to update the first Brazilian consensus on paracoccidioidomycosis by providing evidence-based recommendations for bedside patient management. This consensus summarizes etiological, ecoepidemiological, molecular epidemiological, and immunopathological data, with emphasis on clinical, microbiological, and serological diagnosis and management of clinical forms and sequelae, as well as in patients with comorbidities and immunosuppression. The consensus also includes discussion of outpatient treatments, severe disease forms, disease prevalence among special populations and resource-poor settings, a brief review of prevention and control measures, current challenges and recommendations.

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