Biomassa e energia

AUTOR(ES)

Goldemberg, José

FONTE

Quím. Nova

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Biomass was the dominating source of energy for human activities until the middle 19th century, when coal, oil, gas and other energy sources became increasingly important but it still represents ca. 10% of the worldwide energy supply. The major part of biomass for energy is still "traditional biomass" used as wood and coal extracted from native forests and thus non-sustainable, used with low efficiency for cooking and home heating, causing pollution problems. This use is largely done in rural areas and it is usually not supported by trading activities. There is now a strong trend to the modernization of biomass use, especially making alcohol from sugar cane thus replacing gasoline, or biodiesel to replace Diesel oil, beyond the production of electricity and vegetable coal using wood from planted forests. As recently as in 2004, sustainable "modern biomass" represented 2% of worldwide energy consumption. This article discusses the perspectives of the "first" and "second" technology generations for liquid fuel production, as well as biomass gaseification to make electricity or syngas that is in turn used in the Fischer-Tropsch process.

Documentos Relacionados

• Focando em soluções: da biomassa à energia.
• EMBRAPA Agroenergia: focando em soluções: da biomassa à energia.
• Planejamento da produção de energia eletrica a partir de Biomassa
• Análise diagnóstica e prospectiva da cadeia produtiva de energia de biomassa de origem florestal.
• Estoque de energia na biomassa e no ar do dossel de Vochysia divergens Pohl