Bancos de tecidos musculoesqueléticos no Brasil : análise à luz da bioética e da biossegurança

AUTOR(ES)

João Geraldo Bugarin Júnior

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Introduction: In this research we present an analysis of the bone tissue banks, that were authorized to work for the National System of Transplants, in which it concerns the technicians of attainment, processing, storage and use of homologous graft (allograft), relating the data collected with the biosafety criteria. We analyze these data in light of the bioethics theories. Objective: To evolve the current stage of bone tissue banks in Brazil, regarding ethical, legal and biosafety aspects, using as reference the Bioethics Principle-Based Theory, the approach of permission and beneficence of Engelhardt and the Ethics of the Responsibility of Hans Jonas. Method: There were carried out six semi-structured interviews with the persons in charge by the bones banks, with pre-established itinerary, which consisted of fifteen questions for free manifestation from the interviewed regarding: 1) Biosafety Criteria (nonmaleficence principle); 2) Benefits of the Human Bone (beneficence and justice principle); 3) Dimension of the Responsibility (ethics of the responsibility). The gathered results were subjected to the qualitative analysis by the method of Analysis of Content and were compared with the normative references on protocols of muscle-esqueletic tissue banks, and with the bioethical theoretical reference. Results: All the interviewed demonstrated to know and to follow appropriately the current normative requirements, observing rigorous biosecurity controls in all involved stages: captivation, processing, storage and distribution of the biomaterial. However there seems to be no clear politics of financing of the costs from the part of the Ministry of Health, being this finance directed to the professionals who use the homologous graft from some banks. The criteria of inclusion of the professionals who can demand these biomaterials, especially in the dentistry, need to be more defined regarding the evaluation of the places where there will be carried out the human bone graft surgeries.

ASSUNTO(S)

bioética human bone banks biossegurança ciencias da saude allografts biosafety bancos de ossos humanos enxertos bioethic

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