Banco de sementes e sistemas de renovação no pasto de capim-braquiária com integração de culturas agrícolas / Seed bank in renewal of pasture signal grass with crop livestock integration

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

22/02/2011

RESUMO

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the renewal of pasture of Brachiaria decumbens with integration of crops in cropping systems "planting" direct and conventional. The experiment was conducted in pastures of Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. Located on the campus of University Federal of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG. The experiment consisted of five "systems" of grasslands and renovation of two farming systems in a split plot arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. In the plots (14 x 16 m) were evaluated farming systems, conventional and "planting" direct, as the subplots (7 x 8 m) were assessed five "systems" of renewal, beans (march) and corn (december) in monoculture, beans in monoculture (march) and Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu in monoculture (december), beans in monoculture (march) and Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu in monoculture (december), soil preparation in conventional farming (march) and Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu in monoculture (december), Brachiaria decumbens desiccation (march) and Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu in monoculture (december), Brachiaria decumbens desiccation (march) and maize intercropped with Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu (december), and witness of Brachiaria decumbens. Subplots for the “planting” direct, desiccation were carried out of Brachiaria decumbens. At the same time, the plots for the conventional cultivation were carried out plowing and disking. These procedures before the first crop with the crop of beans were repeated for the cultivation of corn. There were two crops, with beans being the first in March 2009 and the second with corn in December 2009. For sowing of beans was used to cultivate "Red Gold", which was sown using the "Sower Semeato", spaced 0.45 m between rows with 15 seeds per meter. The pull-off operations, track and cleaning of grain were carried out manually at 90 days after emergence of bean plants. In the central part of each plot were harvested three lines of four meters, to determine production and agronomic traits. In the cultivation of maize, the plots for the corn and the Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu were performed sowing the grass near the line of corn and the other leading. The sowing of corn hybrid DKB 747 was done manually, placing seven corn seeds per linear foot, spaced 0.90 m between rows. Corn for silage was harvested at 105 days, and grain, under the same experimental units, to 130 days after sowing. Forage production was evaluated at different times of year. To determine the seed bank of Brachiaria decumbens and Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu were collected three soil samples per experimental unit at depths of 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm. The seed bank of Brachiaria decumbens concentrated in the 0 to 5 cm depth in the system of "planting" direct, while in the conventional tillage is distributed in layers from 50 to 10 and 10 to 20 cm. The conventional cultivation and "plantation" did not influence the direct components of agronomic and crop yield of beans and corn grain in the renewal of grazing Brachiaria decumbens. The system of cultivation, the season and different systems of renovation influenced tiller density and herbage mass of Brachiaria decumbens and Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu after sowing and harvesting of annual crops. Systems renewal of grazing Brachiaria decumbens did not affect the seed bank in soil samples from layers 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20.

ASSUNTO(S)

pastagem e forragicultura brachiaria decumbens capim-marandu plantio direto forragem consórcio brachiaria decumbens grass-marandu planting direct herbage consortium

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