Avaliação eletrofisiológica da audição em portadores de doença falciforme

AUTOR(ES)

Isabella Monteiro de Castro Silva

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The predominance of hearing deficiency in the sickle cell disease (SCD) is being studied, however the physiopathology is still not defined. Studies show hypothesis of sensory or neural changes, depending on the degree of the disease and its sequelae. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the integrity of the peripheric and central hearing system of SCD patients without ischemia descriptions, regular transfusion therapy and chelation. 80 people were evaluated. 40 patients from Hospital de Apoio de Brasília, aged 8 to 20 years, the majority had HbSS (85%), and 40 people from the control group, matched for age and sex. Auditory evoked brainstem response (ABR) was used to check neural integrity and electrophysiologic thresholds, and cognitive potential (P300) for cortical analysis. Otoacoustic emissions (OAE) were performed too, both transients and distortion product. Even without comorbidities typical of the SCD, the predominance of hearing loss was of 20% in the SCD group, according to the literature in individuals with sequelae from the disease and 3,8% in the control group. The absolute latencies of the ABR were within the expected, with significant reduction of the interpeak I-V in the patients, indicating cochlear alteration. The eletrophysiologic thresholds revealed mild hearing loss in the affected controls and in 59,1% of the patients. Moderated hearing loss was detected in 9,1% of the affected, and severe in 4,5% of them. The latency and amplitude of P300 were adequate to both groups suggesting lack of central alterations. OEA show higher measures than the control group, indicating that the sensory cells are affected in patients, even those without hearing loss detected. The findings suggest that the SCD generates cochlear alterations of varied degrees, without any indication of peripheric or central neural problems.

ASSUNTO(S)

potenciais evocados auditivos doença falciforme sickle cell disease auditory evoked potentials otoacoustic emissions emissões otoacústicas eletrofisiologia da audição electrophysiological assessment of hearing ciencias da saude

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