Avaliação de diferentes tratamentos termicos e condições de em balagem sobre a vida-de-prateleira do leite fluido com enfase no julgamento de defeitos de sabor. / Evaluation of different thermal treatment and package conditions about fluid milk shelf life emphasinzing the judgement off flavor defects.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Searching the improvement of quality, to please a more and more demanding customer, the industry tries to increase the shelf-life of milk using efficient and less expensive technology. As an example of these technologies, the quality of raw material, thermal treatment, temperature control in the storage and packing systems can be included. Milk life can be increased by the use of these operational conditions, as they can eliminate and/or suppress the growth of some groups of microorganisms. According to the mentioned objective, this research tried to evaluate the effects of different thermal treatment of the milk, material of containers, sanitation procedures for packing , and place where the milk is bottled. Three kinds of thermal treatment have been used (74°C/15s, 96°C/13s, and 138°C/2s). The milk that was obtained was bottled in high density polyethylene bottles (HDPE) sanitized with peracetic acid (0,1%/15min), and in nonsanitized bottles as well as in low density polyethylene (LDPE) pouches sanitized with ultraviolet radiation (254nm). The pasteurized milk was bottled in bags in a clean room in a processing plant.The processed milk was physio-chemically, microbiologically and sensorially evaluated in intervals of 2 to 3 days in the shelf-life , and it varied from 10 to 24 days in relation to the pasteurized milk in bags while the variation for the pasteurized bottled milk was from 17 to 31 days.The shelf-life of the super pasteurized milk varied from 6 to 22 days for the milk in bags, and from 31 to 42 days for the pasteurized milk in bottles. The shelf-life of the ultra-pasteurized milk in bags varied from 3 to 14 days, and from 41 to 52 days in relation to the bottled milk. The experimental delineation used was a multifactor analysis of variance with 8 kinds of treatment and 3 repetitions. The effect of the variables thermal treatment, packing and repetition has been analyzed through Variance Analysis( (ANOVA), with different treatment unfolded in muti-factors. The sanitizing procedures for packing and bottling conditions were analysed separately comparing different treatment, and using Student test t, for independent samples, as statistics tools. Homogeneous variances have been assumed. The grades used in different treatment for processed milk, were related to shelf-life each day, in each repetition according to the counting of mesophilics, psychrotrophs, and sensorial judgement.The sensorial evaluation used the scorecard methodology of the American Dairy Science Association.The milk treated in the highest temperatures (138° to 96°) and bottled in bottles in a clean room presented longer shelf-life as well as higher grades in relation to flavor when compared to the milk in pouches under the same conditions. However, there was no significant difference between sanitized and non-sanitized bottles in a temperature of 138°C. On the other hand, the sanitation of bottles with peracetic acid contributed to a lower grade in milk flavor that presented a strange flavor especially on the first 15 days of storage. The place where the milk is bottled (in and out of the clean room) did not show any influence in the increase of shelf-life in pasteurized milk in pouches.

ASSUNTO(S)

leite flavor thermal treatment milk sabor vida de prateleira package shelf life embalagens tratamento termico

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