AVALIAÇÃO DE BIOMASSA E ÓLEO DE REBROTAS DE GALHOS E FOLHAS DE PAU-ROSA (Aniba rosaeodora DUCKE) EM PLANTIOS COMERCIAIS SUBMETIDOS À PODA E ADUBAÇÃO

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

This study aimed to evaluate the production of biomass and productivity of oil branches and leaves of rosewood (Aniba rosaeodora) trees in commercial plantations with ages of 3 and 5 years, subject to pruning and fertilization, located in Maués, states of Amazonas, Brazil. The planting of 3 years has 1,240 trees with spacing of 1.5 m x 2.0 m and the planting of 5 years has 335 trees with spacing of 3 m x 4 m. A completely randomized design was used for the experiment, with factorial of 2 x 2 (intensity of pruning and fertilization), composed of 4 treatments, with ten replicates were used for each treatment, for plantation. The crowns were pruned and quantified the biomass of branches and leaves, through the direct method. For fertilization were used dolomitic limestone, urea (45 % N), triple superphosphate (40 % P2O5), potassium chloride (60 % K2O). The evaluation of sprout of the crown was made by resulting in the number, length and diameter of sprouts. After 12 months, the trees were pruned again; determining the amount of biomass produced the sprout and quantified and qualified the oil of branches and leaves. To the evaluation of the productivity of essential oil were selected three random samples of each treatment. The extraction of oil was made by hidrodistillation, using apparatus for Clevenger. The quality of the oil was determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the quantification of linalool, determined by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The highest total biomass production of the crowns of trees, rosewood (Aniba rosaeodora) was obtained from the planting of 5 years old, with 24 ton/ha, whereas in the planting of 3 years produced a smaller quantity, with about 5 ton/ha. The planting of 3 years produced the largest quantity of biomass of sprout (16 ton/ha) in only 12 months of implementation of pruning, while the planting of 5 years produced smaller quantity (13 ton/ha). The treatments with pruning to 100 % of which had better answer with respect to the production of biomass of sprout of branches and leaves, in both plantations. The fertilizer was not a determining factor in the production of biomass of sprout of the crown, in plantations of 3 and 5 years, in the time interval of 12 months. The production of oil in the planting of 3 years was higher in treatment with a 100 % pruning and fertilization, as both branches of leaves, with 2.43 % and 4.28 % respectively, while the planting of 5 years the higher production of branches oil was obtained in treatment with a 50 % pruning and fertilization. The content of linalool found in oils of branches was higher than that of oils from the leaves, with 65 % of linalool in branches and 50 % in the leaves, in the planting of 3 years, and 65 % of linalool in branches and 38 % in the leaves of planting of 5 years. The content of essential oil and linalool in the branches and leaves showed that it is more profitable to extract oil from these parts of the plant that made of wood. In addition to prevent the extinction of species, provides increased production, especially if it is adopted the system of periodic pruning.

ASSUNTO(S)

pau-rosa silvicultura de plantios. recursos florestais e engenharia florestal manejo Óleo essencial

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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