Avaliação da performance de motor a combustão interna e suas emissões utilizando biogasolina do craqueamento térmico de gorduras residuais

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

With the growing demand for fossil fuel and the need to minimize greenhouse gases emissions, investigative studies have been developed to allow the implementation of technologies that produce alternative fuels, with special emphasis for those developed from esterification/transesterification and catalytic cracking processes. The quality of the resulting products has increased with the use of separation processes, which makes the use of the alternative fuels possible for internal combustion motors. It was with this new perspective in mind that this research paper was developed within the Environmental Engineering Masters Program, striving to assess the use of biofuels, obtained by catalytic cracking of fatty wastes (biogasoline), in a Honda CG 125 cc motorcycle motor, which allowed the evaluation of the operational performance in terms of torque, consumption and emissions of greenhouse gases. The quality assessment of the motors operation was studied using Podium gasoline without additives, and, subsequently, incrementing it with variable fractions of biogasolina. The effects of increasing the rotations of the motor and the switching of gears were also explored, allowing for the evaluation of their impact on the motors power, consumption and quality of the greenhouse gases emissions. Results showed that, within the examined range of concentrations, the rate of inorganic (CO2) and organic (methane, ethane and propane) greenhouse gases emissions, arising from the combustion of the fuel utilized, decreases as the fractions of biogasoline are increased and is directly related to the acceleration of the motor. It was also noticed that the motors performance, measured by the torque, was similar for all fuel combinations and respective gears, exhibiting significant torque measurement improvement at 4000 rpm. In terms of consumption, it was determined that there was a small increase in this parameter for the analyzed variants, independent of the biogasoline fractions in the Podium gasoline. Considering the environmental impact resulting from the use of fossil fuels and the attained results, it is possible to conclude that the biogasoline used in this research is a biofuel capable of substituting regular gasoline, with advantages in the reduction in greenhouse emissions rates, no great impact in the quality of the motors operation and similar consumption parameters. Concerning the subject area of this dissertation, this research has immensely contributed to the unraveling of the investigative horizons, with its proposal to use alternative fuels and its consequent integration into the Brazilian energy program

ASSUNTO(S)

biogasolina catalytic cracking biogasoline combustíveis - aspectos ambientais; biocombustíveis; gases de combustão craqueamento térmico emissões gasosas performance performance greenhouse emissions ciências agrárias

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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