Avaliação da eficiência do teste precoce no melhoramento genético de soja / Evaluation of early generation testing effectiveness in soybean breeding

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Early generation testing in plant breeding consists of selecting progenies in early generations of selfing such as in F2 or F3, in order to save time and resources. The objective of this work was to assess the early generation testing effectiveness in soybean breeding programs. The base population consisted of a two way cross between inbred lines 14 and 38, derived from the cross between PI-123439 and PI-239235 parents. Entries consisted of a sample of 100 progenies of each generation: F2:3, F3:4 e F4:5, evaluated in lattice 10 x 10 designs in the 2005/6 growing season at Department of Genetics (ESALQ/USP) in Piracicaba, SP. In the 2006/7 growing season new experimental evaluations were performed, using the same experimental designs, in two locations: Piracicaba, SP, and Anhumas, SP, where the entries consisted of bulks derived from 2005/6 entries, i.e., F2:4, F3:5 and F4:6 progenies. Plots consisted of single 2-meter-long rows spaced 0.5 meter apart, with 37 plants after thinning in all experiments. The following traits were evaluated: plant height at flowering (AF), days to flowering (DF), plant height at maturity (AM), days to maturity (DM), and grain yield (PG). Due to the low germination rate and, consequently, the low experimental precision, experiments of F3 derived lines (F3:4 and F3:5) were eliminated. Estimates of genetics variances, heritabilities and expected response to selection, considering four selection intensities (20%, 30%, 40% e 50%) were obtained from 2005/6 evaluations. The observed responses to selection were obtained from the 2006/7 experiments, in order to evaluate the effectiveness of early selection. A good correspondence between estimated and observed responses to selection were observed only for experiments based on F4 derived lines, which is expected, considering the higher degree of heterozigosity of the progenies in as early generations as in F2. General results has shown that selection based in early generation as in F2 can be performed, using moderate intensities of selection, such as 40%.

ASSUNTO(S)

response to selection early selection. early generation testing genética quantitativa soja. efficiency of selection seleção genética melhoramento genético vegetal

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