Avaliação da eficácia da esterização de furadeiras elétricas domésticas utilizadas em cirurgias ortopédicas / Evaluation of the efficacy of the sterilization of ordinary electric drills for orthopedic surgeries

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

Electric drills have been used to perform orthopedic surgeries in Brazilian hospitals for almost more than 50 years. This electric equipment is heat-sensitive and it is not appropriate to use in surgical procedures. Until now the efficacy of sterilization of this item had been not evaluated as a potential risk for the occurrence of surgical site infection or infection related to orthopedic prosthesis. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the bioburden of the used electric drills and to evaluate the sterility of the new electric drills contaminated artificially. It is an experimental and randomized study performed in the research laboratory of the Nursing School of the São Paulo University. The study was performed in two phases following rigorous aseptic techniques to control the variables. In the first phase fifteen electric drills were taken in the operating room of the university hospital and included in the study using aleatory and blind methods. Cultures were performed from the air produced by the drill engine and the aliquots of 10µL of the rinsed water from the internal and external surface of the electric drill. One electric drill was included as a positive control and was contaminated with Serratia marcescens. A membrane filter with porous of 0,45 µm were cultured after had been exposed to the rinsed water from the internal and external surface of the clean electric drill. In the second phase were analyzed twenty two electric drills and three orthopedic drilling machines. Sixteen electric drills were included in the experimental group, six were the positive control group and three orthopedic drilling machines in the negative control group. All the equipments previously cleaned and sterilized were submitted to the contamination with Bacillus atrophaeus. The electric drills included in the positive control group were analyzed after exposed to the contaminant and the electric drills of the experimental group and orthopedic drills included in the negative control group were submitted to clean and ethylene oxide sterilization before to start the analysis. The air produced by the drill engine and the membrane filter after exposed to the rinsed water of the internal and external surface of the electric drill were cultured. It was performed Gram microscopy and Wirtz-Conklin to Gram positive bacilli. The results showed low bioburden in the electric drills in two episodes. So, 1 cfu/electric drill was found in one episode of the air culture and 9 cfu/electric drill in one episode of culture of the aliquot. The positive control with Serratia marcescens demonstrated the sensibility of the method in samples with high concentration of contaminants. The method of membrane filtration showed sensible to detect low bioburden of the electric drills. So it is elected for the sterility test. The positive controls showed the growth of the contaminant microrganism demonstrating the adherence to the material surface. The negative controls did not show growth. Two of the sixteen electric drills included in the experimental group showed each one growth of 1cfu of the initial contaminant of the air and the membrane cultures respectively. So the efficiency of the sterilization process was 99,99999881% and the probability of find survivor was 1,19 x 10-8. In these conditions the study demonstrates that the efficacy of the ethylene oxide sterilization was proved

ASSUNTO(S)

cirurgia ortopédica orthopedics surgical wound infection ethylene oxide infecções relacionadas a prótese infecção da ferida operatória esterilização Óxido de etileno prosthesis-related infection sterilization

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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