Avaliação da contaminação por mercúrio em peixes do Alto Pantanal / Evaluation of mercury fish contamination in Alto Pantanal

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2003

RESUMO

In order to evaluate fish mercury contamination in Alto Pantanal region, Brazil, 74 samples of piscivorous fishes as Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum (cachara), Pirinanpus pirinanpu (barbado), Serrasalmus spp. (piranha), Pseudoplatystoma coruscans (pintado), Salminus maxillosus (dourado), Hemisorubin plathyrhynchos (jurupoca) and Surubin lima (jurupensém) were analysed in relation to total mercury. Sediment and suspended particulate matter samples were also analysed. The samples were collected in the year 2000. Total mercury concentrations were analysed by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry, with a spectrometer Varian® 220 and a cold vapor generation accessory VGA 77 Varian®. Total mercury concentrations in fish ranged from 0,02 ug/g (piranha) to 0,80 ug/g (cachara). Mercury concentrations in piranha ranged from 0,02 ug/g to 0,50 ug/g, with an average of 0,16 ug/g ± 0,12. CBA 2 area (baías from Cuiabá river, near Barão de Melgaço region) had higher concentrations than those of BNG 1 (Bento Gomes River, Poconé) (p=0,003), PAG 3 (Paraguai river, Taiamã e Descalvado) (p=0,002) and PAG 5 (confluence of Cuiabá and Paraguai rivers) (p<0,001), but there was no difference between CBA 2 and PAG 4 (Canafisto River, Baía do Alegre and Alegre River). Spearman Test showed correlation between values of mercury in piranha and mercury in suspended particulate matter (r=0,561, p<0,001) and between mercury in piranha and mercury in sediment of 0-2 cm deep. However, no statistical correlations were found between mercury in piranha and mercury in sediment of 0-10 cm deep; mercury in sediment 0-10 cm and mercury in suspended particulate matter; and between mercury in sediment 0-10 cm and organic matter load. Mercury concentrations in fish were all below the Brazilian mercury limit set for predators fish that is 1 ug/g w.w. Freshwater fishes from non contaminated areas have total mercury load up to 0,2 ug/g, 33% of fish samples had concentrations above this value. Despite the mercury concentrations were all below the Brazilian limit for a safe human consumption, a mercury contamination process is suggested. Thus, further research concerning environmental factors determining mercury contamination in Alto Pantanal region is needed. In addition, it is very important monitoring that region since previous surveys indicated that the ingestion of fish with a mercury content below 1.0 ug/g can cause important human health effects, depending on the amount of fish consumption.

ASSUNTO(S)

pantanal mercury fish contamination mercúrio contaminação em peixes heavy metals metais pesados pantanal

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