Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana, mutagênica e toxicidade aguda de derivados anfifílicos da o-carboximetilquitosana / Evaluation of antimicrobial, mutagenic activity and acute toxicity of amphifilic derivatives of O-carboxymethylchitosan

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

The chitosan (Ch), a semi-synthetic derivative biopolymer obtained by deacetylation of chitin, has attracted the attention of researchers due to its multiple bioactivities such as hemostasis, antimicrobial, biodegradable, and low oral toxicity. Chitosan inhibits the growth of a wide variety of bacteria and fungi showing a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. The O-carboxymethylchitosan (O-CMCh) is a derivative of chitosan soluble in both acidic and basic aqueous solutions, due to carboxymethyl groups in the polymer structure. In this work eleven amphiphilic compounds, hydrophobic derivatives were tested from O-CMCh and different aldehydes (benzaldehyde, p-tolualdehyde, anisaldehyde, salicylaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 3,4-dihidroxibenzaldehyde, 4-chlorobenzaldehyde, 3- nitrobenzaldehyde, 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, 2- carboxybenzaldehyde and p-N, Ndimethylaminobenzaldehyde) by the homogeneous method to detect antimicrobial activity, and the potential toxicity of these substances. In this sense, the determination of antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and yeast, and resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates were evaluated by the agar dilution method. Preliminary assays for evaluating the mode of action on micro-organisms were performed (permeability on the bacterial cell membrane and cell wall of the fungi Neurospora crassa). To evaluate the cytotoxic potential was employed the brine shrimp, Artemia Salina, while for the detection of mutagenic potential was used in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (XV 185-14C). Of the eleven amphiphilic compounds tested, three showed activity against standard and resistant strains of S. aureus among them the N-(2-carboxybenzyl)-OCMCh, N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-O-CMCh and N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-O-CMCh, and the compounds N-(4- hydroxybenzyl)-O-CMCh and N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-O-CMCh showed activity against the fungi Candida albicans. With respect to toxicity any of amphiphilic compounds showed potential cytotoxicity (Artemia salina) and genotoxicity (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Thus it was shown that the amphiphilic derivatives tested showed no potential toxic and direct mutagenic, and the compound N-(2- carboxybenzyl)-O-CMCh, N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-O-CMCh and N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-O-CMCh showed antimicrobial activity could be employed in preparing films aids in the dissolution of bioactive compounds with protective effects of foods and can be used as bandages in wounds, contributing to the regeneration of tissue and scarring, injuries and burns

ASSUNTO(S)

antimicrobial activity amphiphilic derivatives toxicidade farmacia derivados anfifílicos atividade antimicrobiana o-carboxymethylchitosan o-carboximetilquitosana toxicity

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