Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana dos compostos isolados da propolis do tipo 6 / Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of compound from propolis type 6

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Propolis is a natural product globally known for its biological properties, with antimicrobial and anticariogenic activity. The chemical composition of the propolis type 6, from northeastern Brazil, Atlantic forest, Bahia state, consists of non-polar compounds, most of which are not identified, and absence of flavonoids, which are attributed to its biological activity; however, propolis presents good anticariogenic and antimicrobial activity in vitro and in vivo. Thus, the aim of this study was (a) to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of propolis type 6, its ethanolic extract, fractions and fatty acids found in its composition, and (b) to isolate and identify its bioactive compound. Its ethanolic extract (EEP) and hexane (H-Fr) and polar (P-Fr) fractions obtained with the liquid-liquid technique were analyzed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), gas chromatography flame ionization (GC-FID), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and then tested against Streptococcus mutans Igbritt 1600 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Minimal inhibitory (MIC) and bactericidal (MBC) concentrations were determined. The H-Fr was rechromatographed in LH-20 column, generating 9 sub-fractions, which were tested for antimicrobial activity against S. aureus in agar diffusion to determine its bioactive fraction. Preparative HPLC was used to isolate its bioactive compounds. Only one compound isolated demonstrated antimicrobial activity and was identified by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), 1H, 13C and Infrared (IR) as a prenylated benzodenone and denominated Plukenetione H. This compound was tested against Streptococcus mutans UA159, Streptococcus sobrinus 6715, Streptococcus gordonii ATCC10558, Streptococcus oralis PB182, Actinomyces naeslundii ATCC 12104 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 to determine the MIC and MBC and to determine cell adhesion inhibition in biofilm of S. mutans UA159 and S. sobrinus 6715. Propolis fatty acids tested showed no antimicrobial activity; however, its compound Plukenetione H showed good antimicrobial activity against the microorganisms tested, with MIC ranging from 1.5 to 6.2 µg/mL and MBC from 26 to 106 µg/mL. Further studies are needed to investigate this new compound, a promising antimicrobial agent. Key words: Brazilian propolis, prenylated benzophenone, antimicrobial activity

ASSUNTO(S)

antimicrobianos satty acids acidos graxos antimicrobial

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