ATIVIDADES EXTRATIVAS MINERAIS E SEUS COROLÁRIOS NA BACIA DO ALTO RIBEIRÃO DO CARMO: DA DESCOBERTA DO OURO AOS DIAS ATUAIS

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

The discovery of gold in the headboards of Ribeirão of Carmo in the end of the 18th Century brought a notable migratory flow for the area, originating several villages, among the ones which those that originated the current towns of Ouro Preto and Mariana. In more than three hundred years of occupation, the area passed by an alternation of periods with prevalence outstanding of some activities and others of stagnation. In all its history, the area was stage of activities extractive minerals. After the Ciclo do Ouro (18th Century), the mining activities practically ceased, even middles of 20th Century, when the pyrite, aluminum, manganese and iron got the attention for the area again. Now it is also notable the production of gemstone and dimensional stones. The objective of this research was to identify mined areas and areas being mined of diverse natures, and to assess the impact, the history and the evolution of the dynamic processes in the time and the subsequent interventions, base for the proposition of guidelines for impact mitigation. The works were developed through the interpretation of aerial photos, for identifying areas, forms and typical features, development of temporary analysis of the processes and field inspections. It were assessed the processes in those places, their causes and possible consequences, besides the updating of the information obtained in the interpretation of images. Congenerous activities areas and contemporary ones were grouped together to systematize the impacts. The grouping of areas process generated classes with peculiarities and transverses characters, seeking solutions common to the different groups. The typified areas allowed to analyze the processes and to list the effects of mineral exploitations, correlating to the physical, chemical and biological impacts and environmental liabilities. The diagnosis produced suggestions for mitigating impacts in current activities and for analyzing the liabilities qualitatively. Conceptual actions of mitigation are proposed, which can assist most of the cases. However, analyses "in locu" are always need for the intervention in those places, seeking to confirm the solutions or to specify the need of another measure with base in technical evaluation.

ASSUNTO(S)

geologia ambiental 1. ouro - minas e mineração - teses. 2. impacto ambiental - mariana (mg) - teses. 3. ciclo do ouro - teses

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