Association between obesity and hospitalization in mild COVID-19 adult outpatients in Brazil: a prospective cohort study

AUTOR(ES)

Sartor, Ivaine Tais Sauthier; David, Caroline Nespolo de; Telo, Gabriela Heiden; Zavaglia, Gabriela Oliveira; Fernandes, Ingrid Rodrigues; Kern, Luciane Beatriz; Polese-Bonatto, Márcia; Azevedo, Thaís Raupp; Santos, Amanda Paz; Almeida, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira de; Porto, Victor Bertollo Gomes; Varela, Fernanda Hammes; Scotta, Marcelo Comerlato; Rosa, Regis Goulart; Stein, Renato T.

FONTE

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2022

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the association between obesity and hospitalization in mild COVID-19 adult outpatients in Brazil. Subjects and methods: Adults with signs and symptoms suggestive of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection who sought treatment in two hospital (public and private) emergency departments were prospectively enrolled. Patients with confirmed COVID-19 at inclusion were followed by phone calls at days D7, D14 and D28. Multivariable logistic regression models were employed to explore the association between obesity and other potential predictors for hospitalization. Results: A total of 1,050 participants were screened, and 297 completed the 28-day follow-up and were diagnosed with COVID-19 by RT-PCR. The median age was 37.2 (IQR 29.7-44.6) years, and 179 (60.0%) were female. The duration of symptoms was 3.0 (IQR 2.0-5.0) days, and 10.0 (IQR 8.0-12.0) was the median number of symptoms at inclusion. Ninety-five (32.0%) individuals had obesity, and 233 (78.5%) had no previous medical conditions. Twenty-three participants (7.7%) required hospitalization during the follow-up period. After adjusting, obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2) (OR = 2.69, 95% CI 1.63-4.83, P < 0.001) and older age (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.09, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher risks of hospitalization. Conclusion: Obesity, followed by aging, was the main factor associated with hospital admission for COVID-19 in a young population in a low-middle income country. Our findings highlighted the need to promote additional protection for individuals with obesity, such as vaccination, and to encourage lifestyle changes.

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