Assimilate and nutrient allocation in leaves and fruits of coffee plant cultivated in different altitudes / Alocação de fotoassimilados e nutrientes em folhas e frutos de cafeeiro em diferentes altitudes de cultivo

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

The coffee plant takes longer time to complete its reproductive cycle in areas of higher altitude. It is possible that the nutritional peak demand in coffee plants planted in those areas occurs later than in areas of smaller altitude. This way, the times and intervals among the fertilization practices should be differentiated considering the period of larger nutritional demand of the coffee plant in each area. There was determined the nutrients and carbohydrate allocation in fruits of arabic coffee plant during the period comprehended among the anthesis and the maturation in different altitudes, as well as, the variation of these contents in leaves of the productive branches. Two experiments were carried out for this study, one in Viçosa and other in Martins Soares, both cities in Minas Gerais state - Brazil. In Viçosa, which is located at an altitude of 650 meters, the experiment was carried out with three varieties of arabic coffee tree distributed in three independents essays (low, sufficient and high fertilization levels), installed in randomized block design with two repetitions using a split-plot in time scheme. In Martins Soares, the experiment was constituted of the coffee plant variety (Coffea arabica L.) Catuaí IAC 44 cultivated at 720, 800, 880 and 950 meters of altitude. The experimental design was completely randomized design with 3 repetitions using split-plot in time scheme. In Viçosa, there were not observed varieties neither fertilization effects in the accumulation of macronutrient by the fruit and in these contents in the leaves, along the reproductive period. Analyzing both experiments it is verified that the elevation of the altitude, from 650 meters in Viçosa to 720 and 950 meters in Martins Soares, influenced the reproductive cycle, as well as the nutrients and carbohydrate accumulation in coffee plant fruits. In smaller altitudes the reproductive cycle was more precocious and the nutrients and carbohydrates accumulation in fruits happened faster. The nutrients and carbohydrates accumulation for the fruits, as well as, the filling of grains were more critical in these conditions, since the plant needs to complete these processes in a shorter time. In general, the altitude where the crop is cultivated influenced in the variation of the contents of nutrients in leave. In spite of that, it was not observed a standard answer of the nutrients concentration in the leave to the increase of the altitude. It was concluded that the cultivation altitude of the coffee plant influenced the nutrients and carbohydrates accumulation in fruits and coffee plant leaves.

ASSUNTO(S)

mineral nutrition coffea arabica fisiologia vegetal coffea arabica fitotecnia plant physiology nutrição mineral

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