Aspectos da introdução das espécies exóticas: o capim-gordura e a braquiária no Parque Nacional de Brasília

AUTOR(ES)

Roberto Zanin

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Invasive alien species are the major biological threats to the environment, with huge losses to the economy, to the biodiversity and natural ecosystems, an also provides risks to human health. They are considered the second leading cause of biodiversity loss. Currently underway is acceleration in the process of biological invasions and National Park of Brasilia shows signs of invasion of exotic grasses. This work is a qualitative and literature research and some interviews, conducting a survey of the historical process of the introduction of exotic species in the continents, on islands and in Brazil, more specifically, in the National Park of Brasilia relations to the grass: capim-gordura (Melinis minutiflora Beauv.) and Braquiária (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf.). We relate the influences of economic relations and socio-environment of the region and around the park with the introduction of grasses and understand the mechanisms and vectors of there introductions. The literature review and interviews about the process of introducing grass studied in the National Park of Brasilia indicated that the capim-gordura (M. minutiflora) is remnant of old farms in the area of creation of the park. A Brachiaria (B.decumbens) as well as other exotic grasses, was introduced more recently from the 1970s. The process of invasion and establishment of these grasses has been prompted by the degradation of areas surrounding and within the park. The chaotic occupancy socio-economic environment surrounding the National Park of Brasilia contributed to the process of invasion of exotic grasses. Interviews indicated that one of the main vectors of dispersion of exotic grasses within the park, were and still are the cars that through internal roads spread their seeds.

ASSUNTO(S)

conservação da biodiversidade gramíneas invasoras parque nacional de brasília biodiversity conservation, exotic species, invasive grasses national park of brasilia outros espécies exóticas

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