Aspectos alimentares e nutricionais de escolares em educandÃrios pÃblicos no bairro da VÃrzea, Recife - PE

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2004

RESUMO

With the objective of describing basicsl aspects of alimentation and the nutritional state of schoolchildren as a reference for the public school lunch program, a study was developed with a sample of 712 students from 9 public schools in the VÃrzea neighborhood of the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. The results from this research study were collected in 2001 and compared to results from an earlier study carried out in 1982 at the same schools. The following aspects were evaluated: nutritional state (DEP) through the weight/height, age/weight and age/height indices in accordance with NCHS standards; anemia (hemoglobin <12,0g/dL<11,5g/dL); vitamin A, deficiency through the serum retinol (<10mcg/dL); nutritional value of the school lunch (analysis of menus); and nutritional consumption, through the 24-hour record method. The following prevalent aspects were found: anemia (hemoglobin <12,0g/dL) 15.5% boys, 21.7% girls, a statistically significant difference, and 9.4% and 11.8% (Hb<11,5g/dL), respectively. The frequency of anemia increased from 8.8% (1982) to 18.9% (2001), which was a statistically significant difference. About 20% of the schoolchildren had serum retinol within the range of risk (10 to 19 mcg/dL). This deficiency remained virtually stationary between 1982 and 2001. Regarding enteroparasitosis, 48.2% of the schoolchildren exhibited at least 1 parasite, the most frequent being ascaridiasis (16.3%). Poliparasitism dropped from 49.4% in 1982 to 8.5% in 2001, which was a statistically significant difference. The DEP evaluated by the NCHS standard presented the following indices: 4.5%, 2.3%, and 3.0% for the age/height, age/weight and weight/height relations, respectively (cutoff point <- 2 z scores). The averages of height adequateness were over 100%. Following the international standard for anthropometric measurements, there was no occurrence observed among the results of DEP diverging from the 1982 data, when the prevalence was 7.2%. The adequateness of the meal itself fell short of the requirements for energy, calcium, iron, zinc, niacin and vitamin B6. It was observed that 12 food sources were consumed daily by 58.0% of the families, with sugars, beans and coffee being the most common. Among the products of animal origin, dried beef was the most consumed, followed by milk and chicken. Among the vegetables, to project the consumption of the onion (74,9%), coriander (66,8%) and tomato (60,9%) consumption of the A reduced consumption of fruits was observed (banana 20.0%, orange 14.2%). Among the energetic food sources, sugar (92.2%) presented the predominant consumption, and vegetable oil was most consumed source of fat

ASSUNTO(S)

consumo alimentar da famÃlia - anÃlise da merenda escolar nutricao crianÃas em idade escolar, recife/pe - estado nutricional - anemia, hipovitaminose a, parasitose intestinal

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