As organizações não-governamentais e a implementação dos acordos ambientais multilaterais : entre a participação formal e a influência formal

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

[INTRODUCTION]: the increasing protagonism in the international scene of a specific set of not-state actors, the so-called Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), is a relatively recent phenomenon that brings up issues and presents itself as a vast field of study to international analysts. This movement of magnifying the participation of citizens expresses the international communitys attempt to build values, principles and norms of conduct that correspond to humanitys basic rights and needs, as described in international regimes. In addition to that is the recognition that most of the problems that affect the humanity, mainly environmental issues, not only transcends borders and States jurisdictions, but also cannot be solved by Government actions or market mechanisms. [JUSTIFICATION]: since 1992, important legal and organizational changes have been observed in the global environment protection field, including new legal multilateral instruments, which have extended the international legal system of support to sustainable development. The systematic study of NGOs in the international scene and, more specifically, its relationship with Multilateral Environment Agreements (MEAs), may be considered a frontier area of knowledge, since its literature is still being built. Although the Agenda 21, in chapter 27, recognizes NGOs as partners in the implementation of agreed commitments, this is an issue whose conceptual and political implications have not been widely discussed. There is yet to be a doctrine on this issue with a reasonable degree of consolidation and acceptance, based on analyzed and systematized experiences. [THEORETICAL LANDMARKS]: the subject in question is enrolled in studies on civil society and its relationship with environment protection, under the scope of internationally established regimes. It will be discussed under an International Relations approach, being based on theories of environment regimes and international governance, with subsidies from Political Science and International Law. [HYPOTHESIS]: the level of inclusiveness of Multilateral Environment Agreements to the NGOs is determined by multiple variables which favor their effective participation. [METHODOLOGY]: the main tool to be developed under this study is an Index composed by two dimensions and six indicators, with the aim of measuring the capacity of inclusion of the MEAs towards the NGOs, which could be used to define strategies and to assist political analysis and decision making. Such index will allow the elaboration of a comparative ranking of the MEAs concerning the participation of the NGOs and the implementation of international regimes for environmental protection. [EXPECTED RESULTS]: this thesis intends to characterize the importance of the NGOs in the implementation of the agreements, to estimate the degree of permeability of the MEAs regarding civil society groups demands for participation, the articulation of MEAs with NGOs and the possibilities that rise from their accreditation. Therefore, the Index under construction shall offer critical information and quantitative data to help fill an existing gap in the empirical research on the performance of international environmental NGOs

ASSUNTO(S)

proteção ambiental política ambiental direito ambiental relacoes i?internacionais, bilaterais e multilaterais

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