As Enzimas presentes no trato digestivo dos insetos : um alvo susceptível de inibição

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Seeds of scarlet runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.) were analyzed for -amylase inhibitor (-AI) activity. By using polyclonal antibodies raised against pure a−AI-1 from common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) it was possible to detect the typical -AI polypeptides (Mr 14 -18 kDa) as well as a large polypeptide of Mr 32,000 Da. Differential inhibition curves lead us to suggest that the gene encoding one of the inhibitors in P. coccineus (in accession G35590) would be a good candidate for genetic engineering of coffee resistance towards the coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). An in vitro proteolytic digestion treatment of pure a−AI−1, resulted in a rapid loss of the inhibitory activity, seriously affecting its natural capacity to interact with mammalian -amylases. In addition, the properties of the digestive -amylase from T. solanivora larvae, an important insect pest of potato (Solanum tuberosum), were studied. This insect has three major digestive -amylases with isoelectric points 5.30; 5.70 and 5.98 respectively, which were separated using native and isoelectric focusing gels. The -amylase activity has an optimum pH between 7.0 and 10.0 with a peak at pH 9.0. The enzyme was inhibited by proteinaceous inhibitors from P. coccineus (70% inhibition) and P. vulgaris cv. Radical (87% inhibition) at pH 6.0. The results show that the -amylase inhibitor from Amaranthus may be a better candidate to make genetically modified potatoes resistant to this insect. However, it is necessary to know if these -amylase inhibitors are resistant to the gut proteases from T. solanivora. On the other hand, a simple and sensitive spectrophotometric assay to determine the activity of leucine aminopeptidase (-aminoacyl-peptide hydrolase, EC 3.4.11.1) from insect intestinal tracts of Telchin licus (Lepidoptera: Castniidae), using L-leucyl-2- naphthylamide as substrate, was developed.

ASSUNTO(S)

broca-do-café h. hampei α biologia molecular lagarto-da-batata amilase inibidor -ai t. solanivora

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