As dinâmicas de Schefflera angustissima (March.) Frodin (Araliaceae) e de Andira anthelmia (Vell.) March. (Fabaceae) na reserva de Morro Grande, São Paulo. / The dynamics of Schefflera angustissima (March.) Frodin (Araliaceae) and Andira anthelmia (Vell.) March. (Fabaceae) in the Morro Grande reserve, São Paulo.

AUTOR(ES)

Renato Soares Armelin

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

Population dynamics deals with variation in time and space in the density and abundance of populations. The studies about the dynamics of tropical rain forest tree species, in particular, have become popular only about 1970, when the extinction risks for species of economic interest became pressing. Because the Brazilian biomes are being destroyed progressive and continuously, a significant portion of their diversity is threatened, specially in the Atlantic Rain Forest; whose remnants enclose less than 7,5 % of its original cover. The objectives of this thesis are: (1) to describe the population dynamics of Schefflera angustissima (Araliaceae) and Andira anthelmia (Fabaceae), (2) to expose their relation to the climate and the vegetation and (3) to investigate whether they are under local extinction risks. The populations were sampled in four 0,25ha areas, within an Atlantic Rain Forest remnant in São Paulo region. The relations between the populations’ vertical and spatial structures and the vegetation structure and cover dynamics were investigated. Their life cycles were studied and modeled. The influences of regulatory processes were also investigated. Their dynamics were studied trough projections of deterministic and environmental stochastic matrix models. The extinction risks were inferred from these projections’ results. Sites where the vegetation is less dense and subject to a higher influx of luminous energy seem to favor more S. angustissima than A. anthelmia. Both populations are subject to regulatory processes, but these processes have little influence on their present dynamics. In general, S. angustissima showed a higher fitness than A. anthelmia. According to the deterministic models, both populations are under extiction risk, though only A. anthelmia is, according to the stochastic models. In both populations, survivorship and growth rates were more important than fecundity rates, and the major factors responsible for death and retardation of plants’ growth were the woody lianas attack and the fall down of dead trees and branches over the plants. There are also evidence of a “bottle neck” effect in the A. anthelmia’s life cycle, where the infants growth is being so restricted that these plants are not succeeding at advancing along their ontogeny. Apparently, this “bottle neck” effect results from the attack of gall forming insects. Reasonable increments in the plants’ survivorship and growth rates are enough to revert the populations’ extiction risks.

ASSUNTO(S)

floresta ombrofila densa atlântica extinction risk dinâmica de populações risco de extinção floresta atlantic ombrophylous dense forest population dynamics

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