Aproveitamento dos resíduos lignocelulósicos gerados no Polo Moveleiro de Ubá para fins energéticos

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The furniture industry in Brazil represents an important segment for the national economy, especially for the expressive number of jobs opportunities generated. In the last two decades, the sector went through great changes, focused in the increase of production capacity and productivity, as well as in the higher product quality. However, the furniture industry possesses a high polluting potential, particularly related to the generation of wood residues and its sub products (reconstituted panels of MDF, compressed wood). Therefore, it is observed an increasing environmental problem caused by the absence of adequate environmental management systems in most Brazilian mills. In this context, the Industrial Furniture District of Uba (APL-Uba), MG, Brazil, one of the largest in the country and predominantly formed by small companies, lacks of environmental control strategies and policies. Normally, the residues are mixed and those that are feasible for reuse are contaminated resulting not only in wastefulness but also in environmental contamination. The present work aims at the quantification and characterization of the wood residues from the APL-Uba, MG, and the identification of the potential environmental problems related to the use of these residues, especially the high concentration of formaldehyde, a carcinogenic compound. It evaluated the potential of energy recovery from the residues identifying their use opportunities and limitations. A research was carried through 11 furniture mills, located at APL-Uba and it was verified that the wood residues represents more than 90% of the total solid residues generated. No integrated environmental management was identified among the plants showing important environmental risks. Nevertheless, the tests of humidity and calorific power of the residues have demonstrated potential for its energy recovery through the briquette production. Moreover, the tests of combustion of these residues had not generated gases with toxic substances or compounds above the legal limits. However, the ashes from some reconstituted wood panels residues presented high chromium concentration, and according to ABNT/NBR 10004/2004, it was classified as a Class 1 (dangerous). It was also identified the presence of chloroform and formaldehyde in the leached extract of the wood chips from the reconstituted panels, suggesting it is important to pay attention for its disposal or reuse. Finally, a case study was elaborated, that the financial viability for the construction of a Briquette Production Mill in the APL-Uba, Minas Gerais.

ASSUNTO(S)

setor moveleiro, resíduos de madeira, briquetes, reaproveitamento energético. engenharias

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

Documentos Relacionados