Análise termodinâmica das reações de reforma do metano e do GLP para a produção de hidrogênio

AUTOR(ES)

Tatiana Vilarinho Franco

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The chemical equilibrium compositions of steam and dry methane reforming reactions, (SMR) and (DMR), respectively, are calculated by two distinct methods: (1) evaluation of the equilibrium constants; (2) Lagrange multipliers. The chemical equilibrium compositions of LPG steam reforming reaction are calculated by the method of evaluation of equilibrium constants. Both methods result in systems of non-linear algebraic equations, solved numerically using the open-source software Scilab INRIA-ENPC. The main contribution of this study is, therefore, to conduct a comparative thermodynamic analysis for these reactions, determining the influence of key operational variables on chemical equilibrium. Effects of temperature, pressure, initial H2O/CH4 ratio (steam methane reforming), initial CH4:CO2:N2 ratio (dry methane reforming) and C3H8:C4H10:H2O ratio (steam reforming of LPG) on the reaction products are evaluated. For the steam methane reforming, the equilibrium compositions were calculated as a function of temperature and pressure, H2 yield and H2/CO selectivity, both as a function of temperature, CH4 conversion and carbon deposition, as function of the initial ratio H2O/CH4. For the dry methane reforming, the equilibrium compositions, H2 yield, H2/CO selectivity, H2/CO2 selectivity and CH4 conversion were calculated as a function of temperature. Also, the equilibrium constants for the reactions considered in the steam reforming process of LPG were evaluated as a temperature function. For results validation, two procedures are employed: (1) comparison between experimental data and simulated equilibrium data, published in the literature; (2) calculation of the intrinsic reaction rates, which should be equal to zero at equilibrium conditions.

ASSUNTO(S)

equilíbrio químico reações de reforma do metano viabilidade termodinâmica otimização de processos scilab softwere hidrogen engenharia quimica methane reforming metano chemical equilibrium hidrogênio

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