Análise teórica de emissores homogêneos (n+) e duplamente difundidos (n+n++) em células solares de silício: implementações ao processo de fabricação. / Theoretical analysis of homogeneous (n+) and double diffused (n+ n++) emitters of silicon solar cells implementations to the fabrication process.

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

24/07/1998

RESUMO

Searching for the improvement of n+pp+ solar cell efficiencies, a theoretical model was developed in order to optimize the emitter parameters and several technological processes were implemented in the fabrication of these devices. Thus, a code considering the characteristics of the different regions n+ emitter, base region and p+ emitter were developed. The emitter n+ and the base region were analyzed by means of the theoretical model with analytical solutions, while the p+ emitter was analyzed considering the classical theory. Using update parameters, a optimization was made for the two kinds of emitters. And by means of the theoretical results, the excellent behavior of homogeneous emitters when moderately doped, relatively thick and passivated. The best theoretical results were found with two-step diffusion emitters. However, comparing the two kinds of emitters a remarkable importance was found for practical applications of homogeneous emitter. Thus, a comparison considering the dependence of homogeneous emitters on the metal-grid shadowing factor (Fm) was fulfilled. The technological development was fulfilled with some innovations in the fabrication process; such as the use of C33 (in the cleaning of high temperature furnaces, as well as for growing the SiO2), chemical texturizations and phosphorus pre-deposition in open tube furnaces. The anti-reflection system was chosen, considering the theoretical-experimental optimizations developed for anti-reflection coatings. The solar cells were characterized by current density versus voltage curve under darkness and illumination, quantum efficiency and so on. The obtained results showed the excellent quality reached for the developed emitters, as for the internal quantum efficiency as for the low recombination current density. Analyzing the theoretical and experimental results, it was found that the base region is limiting the performance of the cells. Thus, this must be a way of improving the efficiency of these cells. The best solar cell has a short-current density of 33.67mA/cm², an open-circuit voltage 639.6mV and efficiency of (16.9 ± 0.3)%, measured by National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL).

ASSUNTO(S)

analitical models células solares fabricação (microeletrônica) fabrication (microelectronics) modelos analíticos process silício silicon solar cells

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