Análise técnica, econômica e ambiental de macaúba e de pinhão-manso como alternativas de agregação de renda na cadeia produtiva de biodiesel / Technical, environmental, and economic analysis of oil palm and physic nut as an alternative for adding income in the productive chain of biodiesel
AUTOR(ES)
Diego de Paula Tolêdo
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO
2010
RESUMO
With concentration increasing of gases in the atmosphere the greenhouse effect is getting worse and causing the global warming, mainly from burning fossil fuels that has been observed since the Industrial Revolution. It is clear who anthropogenic actions were increasing emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) and endangers the earth environmental sustainability. In context of clime change the search for renewable energy, environmental protection and projects in land use changes with energy crops become a viable way to contribute to reduction of greenhouse gases. So this study proposes a technical, environmental, and economic analysis of Oil Palm and Physic Nut as an alternative for adding income in the productive chain of biodiesel. The specific objectives were: the production of briquettes from waste exploitation of the fruits of Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart and waste generated by the extraction of seeds oil from Jatropha curcas L.. Economically analyze the extraction of A. aculeata fruit with a simulation unit of energy products like a farmers cooperatives. Study the stock of biomass and carbon of both cultures. With these results of this study was concluded that the production of briquettes from wastes studies in combination with particleboard of Eucalyptus is technically viable by tests of density, bulk variation and compressive strength flat. The effect of blends and pressing time were the parameters that most influenced the production of briquettes. The production of briquettes from A. aculeata endocarp was acceptable up to a ratio of 50% of the waste with Eucalyptus; from A. aculeata exocarp of using only the residue; and waste Jatropha up to a ratio of 75% of it blends with Eucalyptus. The design of a manufacturing unit of energy products with the fruits of A. aculeata to meet the extraction of an 100 hectare by natural regeneration was economically viable by the economic criteria of Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Equivalent Annual Value (EAV) with R $ 2,667.23; 12.07 % and R $ 282.94 yr-1, respectively. However a financial analysis of the development shows that it was not an attractive. The carbon stocks in fourth year of the culture of J. curcas were 6.92 MgC.hectare-1 corresponding to an annual medium increment 6.769 MgCO2.hectare-1.yr-1, which converted into carbon credits can get gross incoming of R $ 200.81 hectare-1.yr-1. The carbon stocks of natural regeneration of A. aculeata 33.851 MgC.hectare-1, corresponding to 12.412 MgCO2.hectare-1.yr-1, which converted into carbon credits can get gross incoming of R$ 3,682.14 hectare-1 in area designed to conservation of the specie. These results show that both J. curcas as A. aculeata are species with strong potential for generating income for farmers aimed at providing raw material for the biodiesel industry, generation of renewable energy mitigating global warming, and CDM projects design in the production chain of biodiesel.
ASSUNTO(S)
manejo florestal briquetes mudanças climáticas biomassa créditos de carbono briquettes clime change biomass carbon credits
