Análise populacional de Melipona marginata (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini) por meio de RFLP do DNA mitocondrial e microssatélites / Population analysis of Melipona marginata (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini) by RFLP of DNA mitochondrial and microsatellites

AUTOR(ES)

Alisson Roberto Campos Moresco

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The tribe Meliponini (stingless bees) is present in all tropical regions of the world and has an important role in pollination. The genus Melipona has the highest number of species in the tribe. The specie Melipona marginata is considered the most ancestral within the genus, and like other species builds the nests in hollow of trees. Unfortunately several bee species have suffered with the devastation of their natural environment. M. marginata seems to be very dependent on the size of the forest fragment, being found only in the biggest, oldest and consequently more preserved ones. In view of the habitat loss and few biological knowledge about this specie, this research intended to analyse M. marginata populations molecularly, through mitochondrial DNA PCR-RFLP and microsatellite data., Fifty four colonies were analyzed, from MG, SP, PR, SC and RS states. Eight mitochondrial DNA regions were amplified and screened with 12 restriction enzymes. Fourteen haplotypes were verified and among them just one was shared. SP population showed the highest number of haplotypes. Statistic tests showed that the 5 populations were genetic structured and isolated, therefore not presenting gene flow. The 4 microsatellites loci analyzed showed high genetic variability. The statistics analysis indicated that the 5 populations are structure and isolated. These results can be explained mainly because the decrease of forest leading to population isolation, however we can not discard the hypothesis that this current scenario is a consequence of climatic changes occurred during the last glaciations.

ASSUNTO(S)

microssatélites microsatellites melipona marginata melipona marginata mitochondrial dna dna mitocondrial

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