AnÃlise experimental de sistemas de refrigeraÃÃo operando com R-290 e R-600a como fluidos refrigerantes alternativos

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

Refrigerants CFC (chlorofluorocarbons), as R-12, deplete the ozone layer which protects the surface of the earth, due to the presence of chlorine in their structure. The HCFC (hydrochlorofluorocarbons), as R-22, also have chlorine in their molecule and must be replaced as a refrigerant fluid. In Europe, brand new equipments are not produced with HCFC-22, since December 2003. Facing the necessity of replacement of those dangerous gases, the hydrocarbons (HC) are good candidate to alternative refrigerants, because of the absence of chlorine atoms in their structure. Those facts, allied to their low global warming potential (GWP), grant to the hydrocarbons a place among the refrigerants for refrigeration systems. As a contribution to this issue, the present dissertation analyses experimentally two systems of refrigeration by vapor compression: a water fountain and a refrigeration chamber. The studied systems were tested using hydrocarbons: propane (R-290), isobutane (R-600a) and a mixture of both in replacement to the original fluids, R-22 and R-12. All tests were carried out in normal conditions of operation. The experimental results indicate that the mixture propane-isobutane proved to be the best alternative for refrigeration systems of small charge using R-12 or R-22. In second place appears the R600a. As an individual comparison, R-600a is the best option for small charge refrigeration systems, instead of R-290. However, for medium charge systems originally projected to R-22, the R-290 appears as the best option

ASSUNTO(S)

r-600a refrigeration engenharia mecanica r-600a r-290 r-290 refrigeraÃÃo natural refrigerants refrigerantes naturais

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