Análise enzimática de fungos lignocelulolíticos cultivados em vinhaça e bagaço de cana-de-açúcar / Enzymatic analysis of lignocellulolytic fungi cultivated in vinasse and sugarcane bagasse

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The sugar-alcohol industry is an important representation of the bioenergy potential of Brazil. The estimative for the 2007/2008 sugarcane production, according to the National Supply Company (Conab), will be of about 11% more than the last season. Sugarcane constitutes a large and renewable energy source. Besides the exploitation of its juice for ethanol production and the use of bagasse for energetic means in processes of combustion and gasification, its polysaccharides constituents (cellulose and cellobiose) can be released by enzymatic hydrolyses for alcohol fermentation and other chemical of higher aggregate value. However the residues generated from this process, like bagasse and vinasse, which can be reutilized for other means. To obtain an effective conversion of these residues, chemical and biological pre-treatments are necessary for an improved hydrolysis. The ecology of the cellulose and lignin degradation is slow and very complex, involving innumerous and different metabolic interactions among microorganism that are also affected by many environmental factors. From nine lineages of fungi, were selected four relating to the production of biomass and cellulases and ligninases in specific media. These lineages, three species of Pleurotus: P. sajor-caju, P. ostreatoroseus and P. ostreatus, and the ascomycete Trichoderma reesei were cultivated in pre-treated bagasse with 2% H2SO4, 1,5% NaOH, 2% H2O2 and a combination of 2% H2O2 + 1,5% NaOH. It was determined the levels of cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose from each treatment and the lignolytic activity: laccase, peroxidase and manganese peroxidase and the activity of the cellulolitic enzymes: exogluconase and endogluconase, comparing to a control without chemical treatment. The cellulolitic activity was evaluated with the four cultivated fungi in two media: a grounded bagasse + vinasse and grounded bagasse + mineral media. Relating to the control was observed that the pre-treatment in conjunction with 2% H2O2 + 1,5% NaOH + autoclave promoted more breakage in the fiber increasing to 1,4 times the level of cellulose and decreasing the levels of hemicellulose to 8,5 times. This same treatment promoted a higher lignolytic activity for the four lineages. The ascomycete T. reesei produced laccase, peroxidase and manganese peroxidase in all treatments including the control, having the manganese peroxidase activity ranging from 1,9 to 4,8 times higher than the basidiomycetes.

ASSUNTO(S)

lignocellulose bagaços - tratamento químico sugarcane bagasse vinhaça. cana-de-açúcar enzimas fungi. lignina celulose fungos enzymatic hydrolysis vinasse

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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