AnÃlise energÃtica experimental e estudo da viabilidade econÃmica de um grupo gerador de 30 kWe A gÃs natural em diferentes nÃveis e tipos de cargas elÃtricas

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

Due to the lack of investment in the Brazilian electricity sector, together with the increment of the economy, there is a great possibility of new electricity rationing in 2007. This energy shortage imposes that the companies, which do not intend to have a reduction in their production capacity, supply their own electricity. One of the main options is the electricity production using an Otto-cycle engine connected to an electrical generator. For this reason, it is extremely important to know and understand the operational conditions of the generator under several load types and regimes. Hence, this dissertation analyzed the operational condition of a 30 kWe-Otto cycle-electrical generator that can be used to supply electricity to residences, condominiums and small shopping centers. The generator set consists of an Otto-cycle engine running on natural gas; and 37- kVA-electricity generator, conditioned in a noise proof cabin. It was studied the generator group performance on several electrical regimes and load types (resistive, inductive and unbalanced). It was carried out the following activities: operational thermal characterization; analyzes of the polluting gases generated; verification of the thermal and electrical efficiency. Also, it was carried out an economical analysis based on the different operational conditions of the generator group. The economical analysis suggested that electricity generation projects might not be feasible if it considered operating in partial loads and low efficiency regimes. Thus, to be feasible, a project must consider the use of the generator set in optimum conditions, i.e., high efficiency mode. The analyses results show the operational variables of the generator set in several working loads. One of the main results was that the exhaust gases vary their composition accordingly to the electricity generated. Also, it has shown that there is no influence (or very little influence) of the electrical load on the cooling heat, i.e., this heat remains almost constant throughout all the different operational conditions. However, the electrical load has a great influence on the generator group efficiency. The maximum efficiency obtained was 29% at full load

ASSUNTO(S)

geraÃÃo termelÃtrica economical analysis of distributed power generation grupo gerador generator set gÃs natural geraÃÃo distribuÃda operational conditions anÃlise econÃmica de geraÃÃo otto cycle engine motor ciclo otto engenharia mecanica natural gas

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