Analise do desempenho de plantas de extração de oleo convencionais e de processos supercriticos

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2000

RESUMO

Conventional extraction and supercritical process are two forms of obtaining vegetable oil and products with high value. Seed oil extraction is traditionally based on the use of organic solvents. The hexane extraction process is nowadays mostly used in the industry. Supercritical fluid technology may be a viable alternative to current extraction methods. It is important to highlight that vegetable oils are sources of large amounts of a great variety of vitamins, pigments and phospholipids that are destroyed, or not fully usable, in the conventional hexane extraction which can be more appropriately recovered with the supercritical processes. This work shows the analysis of both plants performance. The supercritical process was simulated based on the program developed by REZENDE, 1998, using a deterministic model based on the mathematical description proposed by SOVOVÁ et. al, 1994. The conventional plant was simulated in a commercial simulator. The soybean components were related in detail at the conventional extraction. Both of the plants were submitted to a parametric sensitivity analysis made by means of a complete factorial design to analyze the variable influences and the effect of operating variables as well as the impact of their interactions. At the conventional process for the extraction period, none of the analyzed parameters are variables with significant effects. The soybean temperature in the extractor entrance, the solvent amount and temperature have significant influence in the process. The carbon dioxide supercritical extraction has three interesting parameter to determine: the particle diameter, the superficial solvent velocity and the process temperature. The best particle diameter should be stipulate before extraction. The superficial solvent velocity and the temperature to maximize the process can be controlled during the extraction. The carbon dioxide extraction was better than the hexane conventional process when it is related to environmental side effects and quality products. This success display that the carbon dioxide extraction is the best option to obtain a vegetable oil and products with high value because the operational flexibility of the supercritical fluids plants.

ASSUNTO(S)

soja extração com fluido supercritico extração por solventes

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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