Analise citogenetica e do DNA mitocondrial de populações de Hyla semiguttata (Anura, Hylidae) e especies relacionadas

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2002

RESUMO

Polymorphic populations of Hyla semiguttata and related species in the Hyla pulchella group were analyzed cytogenetically and by comparing the sequences of the cytochrome b gene and the control region of mitochondrial DNA. All H semiguttata populations showed polymorphism in color pattern, body size and acoustics. The cytogenetic analysis showed a karyotype with 2n = 24 chromosomes and a very conserved chromosomal morphology in all of the species. H semiguttata from São Francisco de Paula and Cambará do Sul, RS and Piraquara, PR, H marginata, and Hyla sp. (aff. semiguttata) from Misiones, Argentina had the same C-banding pattern. The nucleolar organizer region (NOR) located in the long arm of pair 10 in H marginata and in the short arm of pair 1 in the other specie the on1y character that differentiated these species cytogenetically. These results do not support the suggestion of some authors for the synonymization of H semiguttata and H joaquini with H marginata. The phylogenetic analysis based on 361 bp of the cytochromo b gene and 744 bp of the control region of mitochonsdrial DNA showed that the H semiguttata population at São Francisco de Paula was very close to H joaquini, in contrast to the phylogenetic conclusions based on morphological and biological characters, which indicated a greater proximity with the population at Cambará do Sul. The populations of H semiguttata at Palmeira and Piraquara were very close to each other and distant form the other populations. Although H marginata differs morphologically and biologically from Hyla aff. polytaenia, H bishoffi and H guentheri, our analysis showed them to be very closely related. The presence of Hyla sp. (aff. polytaenia) (H polytaenia group) in this clado indicates that the H pulchella group may be paraphyletic. Natural hybridization between H bischoffi and Hyla sp. n. demonstrates that cladogenic events may occurr between sympatric taxa and that the similar vocalization patterns of the two species facilitates this process. As already suggested by other many cladogenic events have been involved in the speciation of neotropical hylids, which makes it difficult a study polymorphic populations, especially when the polymorphism is related to the pattern of coloration

ASSUNTO(S)

cromossomos - polimorfismo cromossomos filogenia biologia - classificação

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