Amortecimento da celeridade de onda em condutos forçados. / Wave speed cushioning in forced conduit.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

The projects of hydraulic networks define the capacity of outflow and pressure to meet a demand and to achieve the necessary resistance to guarantee the installation stability. The applied loading must not exceed structural resistance, there remaining a safety coefficient which guarantees the stability even in case of operational failure. The hydraulic simulation must be performed both for permanent and transitory regime. In the operational phase, there will be transitory situations caused by intentional maneuvers or unpredicted failures which will cause changes from permanent to transitory regime, with changes in load directly proportional to the propagation speed of the wave or celerity and, depending on the intensity of the hydraulic transient, it will be necessary to provide devices for the network protection. The conception of protection devices is based on the transient phenomena dissipation by means of discharges, shock absorption in air compressed chambers and though intermediate reservoirs, which absorb and supply the outflow and pressure peaks in the beginning of the disturbance. This dissertation approaches a device so that the pressure wave is controlled. The celerity, in its turn, is a function of the fluid characteristics, the network material and geometry. Provoking a change in the mean fluid compressibility there is a reduction in the volumetric compressibility coefficient and also in the specific mass of the mixture, which will cause a reduction in the speed of propagation of the wave or celerity, cushioning the impact of the pressure head variation to a level that can be absorbed by the installation. Therefore, the reduction in the speed of propagation or celerity canbe used is as a protection device for hydraulic nets, or celerity attenuation, which together with other devices, associated in series and distributed along the duct may absorb the excess of pressure and outflow generated by the transitory and keep the applied loading inferior to the resistance supplied by the installation.

ASSUNTO(S)

wave speed transitórios hidráulicos celeridade de onda hydraulic transitory projetos hidráulicos hydraulic project hydraulics pipe networks dispositivos de proteção de redes hidráulicas

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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