Administration of standard and high doses of extruded grain with urea or prilled urea to cattle: a clinical, toxicological and laboratory exam analysis / Administração de doses padrão e alta de uréia extrusada ou granulada em bovinos: uma análise clínica-toxicológica e laboratorial

AUTOR(ES)

Alexandre Coutinho Antonelli

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2003

RESUMO

To compare the toxicity potential of prilled urea (G) and extruded grain with urea (E), both were administered all at once in two different doses, high (A; 0,5 g/kg BW) or standard (B; 0,22 g/kg BW), to 24 steers divided into four groups of six animals, which had never been fed nonprotein nitrogen compounds. For 240 min after the administration of urea the following variables were determined: rumen fluid pH and ammonia level, blood ammonia, urea, creatinine, glucose, L-lactate, potassium, and activities of gama glutamiltranspeptidase, aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase, haemogasometric profile and hematocrit. The clinical picture was also followed. Some steers from groups GB and EB showed slight signs of ammonia toxicity, overcoming it without treatment. On the other hand, five steers from either groups GA and EA showed severe signs of ammonia toxicity that required treatment; even though one animal from group GA succumbed. The speed of ruminal urea hydrolysis of G and E was similar, although the clinical signs started later in group EA. The higher the hyperammonemia, the higher the metabolic acidosis, dehydration, anaerobic glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. The enzymatic profile showed that biochemical damage occurred in the striated muscular tissue, but not in the hepatocytes. The results showed that both G and E had similar potential to cause ammonia poisoning, principally when high doses were administered all at once.

ASSUNTO(S)

cattle ammonia poisoning intoxicação bovinos urea amônia uréia

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