Adjuvants to Improve Phenmedipham + Desmedipham + Ethofumesate Efficacy Against Weeds in Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris)

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

Planta daninha

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

08/04/2019

RESUMO

RESUMO: Foi investigada a eficácia de doses reduzidas (411,5 e 617,2 g i.a. ha-1) e recomendadas (823,0 g i.a. ha-1) de fenmedifame + desmedifame + etofumesato no controle de Amaranthus retroflexus, Amaranthus blitoides, Chenopodium album e Tribulus terrestris na cultura da beterraba com a mistura em tanque dos herbicidas, com e sem Adigor (0,5% v/v), sulfato de amônio (2% v/v), Citogate (0,2% v/v), D-Octil (0,3% v/v), Hydro-Max (0,5% v/v) e Volck (0,5% v/v). Quando o herbicida foi aplicado isoladamente, não houve diferença significativa entre as taxas de 617,2 e 823,0 g i.a. ha-1 na redução da densidade total de plantas daninhas e biomassa. Os adjuvantes levaram à redução significativa da densidade total de plantas daninhas e da biomassa. No entanto, não houve diferença significativa de desempenho entre eles. Os rendimentos da beterraba e da sacarose tiveram incremento significativo após o aumento da dose do herbicida, em razão de uma melhoria no controle de plantas daninhas. Embora todos os adjuvantes tenham influenciado a eficácia do herbicida de maneira semelhante, os melhores resultados foram os seguintes: o rendimento de raízes aumentou para 9,66% (71,31 Mg ha-1) com a aplicação da dose recomendada de fenmedifame + desmedifame + etofumesato junto com Adigor, em comparação com a testemunha livre de plantas daninhas (64,68 Mg ha-1), enquanto o rendimento de sacarose aumentou 26,48% (13,21 t ha-1) aplicando-se a dose recomendada de fenmedifame + desmedifame + etofumesato mais HydroMax, em comparação com a testemunha (10,45 t ha-1). Do ponto de vista econômico e ecológico, esses dois adjuvantes podem ser sugeridos para a otimização da taxa recomendada de fenmedifame + desmedifame + etofumesato no manejo de plantas daninhas.ABSTRACT: The efficacy of reduced (411.5 and 617.2 a.i. ha-1) and recommended (823.0 g a.i. ha-1) rates of phenmedipham + desmedipham + ethofumesate on the control of Amaranthus retroflexus, Amaranthus blitoides, Chenopodium album, and Tribulus terrestris in sugar beet field was investigated when they were tank-mixed with and without Adigor (0.5% v/v), Ammonium sulphate (2% v/v), Citogate (0.2% v/v), D-Octil (0.3% v/v), Hydro-Max (0.5% v/v), and Volck (0.5% v/v). When the herbicide was applied alone, there was no significant difference between the rates of 617.2 and 823.0 g a.i. ha-1 for reduction of total weed density and biomass. Significantly, the adjuvants decreased total weed density and biomass. However, there was no significant difference among the performance of adjuvants. The sugar beet root and sucrose yields were increased significantly by increasing herbicide rate as a result of an improvement in weed control. Although herbicide efficacy was influenced in a similar manner by all the adjuvants, the best results were found as follows: root yield was increased up to 9.66% (71.31 Mg ha-1) by applying the recommended rate of phenmedipham + desmedipham + ethofumesate plus Adigor compared to weed-free check (64.68 Mg ha-1) whereas sucrose yield was increased up to 26.48% (13.21 t ha-1) by applying the recommended rate of phenmedipham + desmedipham + ethofumesate plus HydroMax compared to weed-free check (10.45 t ha-1). From an economic and ecological standpoint, these two adjuvants can be suggested to optimize the recommended rate of phenmedipham + desmedipham + ethofumesate in weed management.

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