Ação inibitória de extratos de plantas do Cerrado sobre α-amilases com ênfase em Kielmeyera coriacea

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2008

RESUMO

α-amylases are digestive enzymes widely distributed in microrganims, plants and animals, that catalyze hidrolysis of α-1,4 glicosidic bonds and act in carbohydrate metabolism. The inhibition of α-amylases can be applied on control of insect pests that depends on starch-rich diet to energy production, reducing the amount of nutrients to avoid its development. This action allow the use of these inhibitors like bio-insecticides. The inhibition of carbohydrate uptake in human health could be an alternative therapeutic on glicemic control, reducing post-prandial glucose peaks in chronic diseases treatment, such as diabetes, obesity an hyperlipidaemia. This project purposes the prospection of active molecules. In this context, plants are rich sources of compounds that could be studied. Then, the biologic potential of Cerrado Biome Plant Extract Bank, of University of Brasilia Pharmacognosy Laboratory, was evaluated on Acanthoscelides obtectus α-amylases, Zabrotes subfasciatus α-amylases and human saliva α-amylase. One hundred eighty-five hexanic, dichlorometanic, ethanolic and hidro-ethanolic extracts belonging to twenty-four species from ten families. The hidroethanolic bark stem extract of Kielmeyera coriacea was selected to chemical-biological study because of its strong inhibitory profile, with IC50 110,00 μg.mL-1 and 272,12 μg.mL-1 towards Z. subfasciatus and A. obtectus α-amylases, respectively. The extract presented 97,09% of inhibition of human isoform at 125 μg.mL-1. The liquid-liquid partition yielded two phases with a great inhibitory potential, phase 1, methanol/hexan precipitated, that inhibited 96,35%, and phase 5, methanol/water, that presented 99,35% of inhibition at 125 μg.mL-1. The chemical frationation of fase 1 in open chromatographic sephadex LH-20 column alowed the separation of 11 groups. Among them, the most active on human α-amylase were group 10 (95,24%) and group 11 (99,00%). The content of total phenols and tannins was analysed to crude extract, phases and active groups. Phase 1 demonstrated a high teor of phenolic compounds, with 1 mg.mL-1, including 53,56% of tannins and phase 5 showed 0,95 mg.mL-1 of polyphenols content, in wich 35,96% are tannins. Group 11 showed 81,03% of tannins content which inhibited 82% of human saliva α-amylase at only 50 μg.mL-1. The evaluation of extracts and tannins on α-amylases demonstrated a promising activity in carbohydrate uptake inhibition, representing a alternative to control diabetes and obesity, as well as a really interesting potential to insects α-amylases inhibition.

ASSUNTO(S)

α -amilase cerrado cerrado kielmeyera coriacea inibidor diabetes kielmeyera coriacea insects-pest insetospraga diabetes α ciencias da saude -amylase inhibitor

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

Documentos Relacionados