Abordagem psicanalítica da anorexia e da bulimia como distúrbios da oralidade

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

1998

RESUMO

The aim of this study to approach anorexia and bulimia as oral disturbances, and to consider carefully the treatment of these psychopathological manifestations from the psychoanalyticview. Restablish judaic-christian tradition that connects body, flesh and sexuality; the latter, viewed as a sin, must be eliminated. It points to a pathological relation between anorexia, bulimia and sexuality, the latter perceived not only as genital pleasure activities, but a range of experiences that have taken place since birth. Nowadays these psychopatological manifestations are associated with the perfect body ideal, without imperfections, represented by the top model s body. Firstly, anorexia and bulimia are studied as alimentary perturbations, especially in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM IV) psychiatric view. Secundly,the diagnostical criterion that suggests the occurrence of a "corporal image distortion" in these patients is amplified to a psychoanalytic viewpoint. It deals with the comprehension of the distorted image as a methaphorical image that relates one person to another, rather than a distorced view ofreality. It is proposed, through the questioris raised from two cIinical fragments and from reading authors that have addressed the theme, to place the psychopathological problem of anorexia and bulimia in regard to the addictions and to the freudian s conception of melancholia and ideal of ego. The perverse dimension of the addicted behaviour in anorexia and is understood as having a subjacent melancholical dimension. These dimensions go back to a primitive levei of object relations. The oral notion becomes pertinent to the comprehension of these psychopathological manifestations. The fuunework, the technique and the transference is considered, since the gravity of these oral conflict pathologies demands special attention from the psychotherapist. In these psychoterapy treatments the life motion, damped by destructiveness, must be restored. Being anorexia and bulimia oral disturbances, it has been considerededhow their cIinic may contribute to the cIinic treatment in general. Medical literature concerning anorexia and bulimia treats them as alimentary disturbances in a dispassionate and asexual manner. A psychoanalytic approach to them as oral disturbances shows. the problem of passion and restores the possibility of thinking about them in light of what is most important in the subject: the disire constituted in relation to the love object

ASSUNTO(S)

psicologia psicodinamica transtornos alimentares melancolia

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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