A utilização de mapas conceituais no estudo de física no ensino médio : uma proposta de implementação

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

In this assignment we used conceptual maps strategy in the study physics as complementary activity to class input and demonstrations, aiming at the significant learning of Wave, Acoustics and Optics in secondary education. For application of the strategy, we elaborate "Reference Maps", which are not properly the maps proposed by Joseph Novak, but supply an initial notion for the utilization of that strategy. For this we refer to three kinds of educational resources proposed by Novak for the elaboration of activities with conceptual maps: 1) Extraction of meanings from textbooks, 2) laboratory works meaning extraction and 3) oral expositions works preparation. Our theoretical reference was the theory of the significant learning of David Ausubel, premise of which is the prior knowledge of the learner. This study was developed with two groups of second year of the Center of Education Paulo Freire, in the city of Brasilia Federal District. We worked for two bimesters with twenty-five students, in the experimental group, to which were submitted activities with conceptual maps, and in the control group, to which we developed traditional approaches, like: reviews, problems solving and formal exercises of physics. To identify the conceptions that the students had about the subjects studied we applied a test of alternative conceptions, which gave us tools to identify the best the conceptual level among the groups. Our qualitative analysis shows that it is possible to identify the conceptual deficiencies of the student by means of the map he had elaborated. The conceptual maps elaborated by the students at the end of the semester were qualitatively superior to the first maps, showing bigger facility of the students in exposing their ideas in an organized manner, elaborate propositions and conclusions. The quantitative results also suggest a statistically significant improvement in the performance of the students of the experimental group, when compared to the students of the control group. The approval in utilization of the strategy was verified by the questionnaire applied at the end of the research. The diverse texts produced about the conceptual maps and their use, the examples of the maps elaborated by us and by the students, about waves, acoustics and optics, as well as the tests and questionnaires applied in this research are part of that dissertation as an educational product to be utilized by professors and students.

ASSUNTO(S)

fisica - ensino secundário - metodologia teaching of physics outros ciência - estudo e ensino conceptual maps

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