A resposta psicossocial de impotência e o locus de controle de pacientes no pós-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca / Powerlessness and locus of control of post-operative cardiac surgery patients.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

1999

RESUMO

Powerlessness as one of the possible psychosocial responses of illness, characterizes a necessity for nursing care. The description of the indicators of this response in post-operative patients with coronary insufficiency and valve dysfunction was the core of this study. The objectives were: to describe powerlessness (frequency and intensity), and the “locus of control” between the post-operated patients for coronary insufficiency and valve dysfunction, and to verify the existence of association between powerlessness and the “locus of control”. The data were obtained by means of interviews based on two tools: the first one was organized specifically for this study to assess powerlessness, and the second was the “Locus of Control Health Scale” of WALLSTON, K.; WALLSTON, B.S; DEVELLIS (1978). The presence and intensity of powerlessness was judged by the author. The “locus of control” dimensions assessed were: internal, external and chance. These procedures were carried out on 75 patients of which 45 had coronary insufficiency and 30 had valve dysfunction; 62.7% were male with mean age of 57.2 years; average schooling of 6.4 years; mean post-operative data collection time of 7.5 days. Of the 75 patients, 44 presented powerlessness (low=20; moderate=15; severe=9). Of the 17 defining characteristics studied, 12 were significantly more frequent (p0.05) for powerless patients. The proportion of powerlessness in the two groups (coronary insufficiency and valve dysfunction) were similar (p=0.848). The post-operated coronary patients believed more in internal factors than the patients with valve dysfunction (“internal locus” p=0.001; “total internality” p=0.002). There was no association between powerlessness and “locus of control” (p0.05), thus suggesting that the dimensions of “locus of control” are not, in essence, isolated attribute of the concept of powerlessness. The results of this study permitted further questioning of research and corroborated the importance of knowledge development on psychosocial responses of patients in medical-surgical situations.

ASSUNTO(S)

locus of control cardiac surgery impotência powerlessness cirurgia cardíaca diagnóstico de enfermagem locus de controle nursing diagnosis

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