A multiplicação na Escola Fundamental I: análise de uma proposta de ensino / Multiplication at Elementary School: a teaching proposal analysis

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2010

RESUMO

The present work consists of a qualitative research in education and the mathematics learning that objective was to propose a methodology based on Piaget´s constructivism, to teach multiplication in the early years of Eleentary School. The observation that shows how this content has been treated, in many schools, as a memorization and application matter, rather than a comprehension issue, directed to an investigation how about organize the teaching of this matter prioritizing the development of racionality and the acquisition of competences that go beyond matheatics. For that, a planned learning intervention was developed and made by the researcher herself over a period of one semester (21 classes) in a third grade public school from Curitiba. The multiplication was explored in simple proportionality problems (in one-tomany correspondence and rectangular array problems). The division, as it´s the inverse, was also explored in some activities and the data collected was also included in this study. The classes were recorded in video and a transcript enriched by observations and comments from the the researcher was produced. The transcript, the student´s works and daily reports done by the teacher form our database. In the analysis, we look for indications of a constructive interaction, characterized by progresses in the following areas: intellectual relationships (comprehension of the arithmetical operations used); social/moral relationships (acquisition of non mathematical aptitudes); didactic relationships (effects on the intervention process itself). The results show a constructive quality interaction as the intervention had a development effect on the subjects involved. We verified the progressive substitution of the counting strategies for calculation strategies, the acquisition of arithmetical aptitudes and interaction between the students (signs of a cooperative relationship). Also some attitudes changes were observed in the students regarding the following matters: the engagement in the activities, the relationship with mathematics, the approach on the problems, communication and expressionat the classroom. In the didactic field, we highlight the treatment regarding the errors, used as a didatic strategy, the interfered paper the avaliation exerced to the teaching process and the importance of writing for the teacher´s reflection about its practice.

ASSUNTO(S)

learning multiplicação constructivism tabuada construtivismo education ensino multiplication arithmetic table competence aprendizagem competência

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