A integração sul-americana e a superação da pobreza: uma abordagem pela percepçao das elites / The South American integration and poverty reduction: an approach by the perception of the elites

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

31/08/2012

RESUMO

The study of the perceptions of the elites in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile and Venezuela considering the South American integration and the support to overcome poverty in the regional context, consisted in the main goals of this work. It is grounded by the pluralist conception of elites. The perceptions were analyzed in five categories: governments, political parties, entrepreneurs, labor unions and social actors. The regional integration theories define the elites as the main conductors of these processes. Thus, these actors are responsible for spread out the values and positives expectations of the regional integration all over society, contributing to the development of the regional blocks. To compose this study, data based upon interviews were used, accomplished with 829 members of the South American elites, applied in 2008, further, primary data sources were used to the analysis enrichment. The first decade of 2000s was marked by the rise of the leftist governments, when new leaderships emerged in the role of the South Americans elites. Furthermore, in this scenery was identified the conformation of a regionalism based less in commercial matters, privileging the political and social dimensions, which has been suffering critics by the opponents. From the analysis of this thesis, the study addresses four specific goals: 1. to demonstrate the interest of each segment on the regional integration; 2. to know the efforts to combat poverty and inequality by each elite group; 3. To reveal which poverty reduction policies obtain larger support in the regional scope; 4. to evince the main divergences between the elite perceptions and the conformity of these polices to the regional integration improvement. The main conclusions are summarized in some aspects. The values and perceptions of the elites are guided by political and ideological beliefs, which result in disagreement in some matters. The managerial elites identify with right-wing policies, opting for international organizations interest instead of the regionalism, and they also were the less inclined elites in the equitable growth and income distribution. However, labor unions identify with the left-wing policies, being the most favorable to the regional integration, as well as the equitable growth and income distribution. Nevertheless, the political parties, government and social actors demonstrate differences in perceptions of their own interest area, causing disagreements that jeopardize the regional integration improvement and also the equitable growth and poverty reduction in South American.

ASSUNTO(S)

américa do sul elites elites integração regional international relations pobreza poverty regional integration relações internacionais south america

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