A Energia Térmica e o Paradoxo da Eficiência Energética: Desafios para um Novo Modelo de Planejamento Energético / The Thermal Energy and the Energy Efficiency Paradox: Challenges for a New Paradigm of Energy Planning

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2004

RESUMO

The electrical generation model of Brazil has a peculiar characteristic regarding other countries. Its large hydropower capacity allowed the indiscriminate use of the electricity for several kinds of end uses. However, with the transition of the hydroelectric generation model for a mixed generation model, a new paradigm of energy efficiency appears. The electricity consumed in the thermal end uses can be now substituted by other energy sources like natural gas and biomass. In that new scenario, the primary energy can be converted in electricity as well as useful energy. The objective was to identify the existent distortion in the current Brazilian model and to evaluate the economy potential of primary energy that could be obtained substituting the electricity by chemical energy in thermal end uses. The formulated hypothesis is that the rational use of energy, according to its exergy quality and purpose of use, can reduce significantly the primary energy consumption. The substitution of electricity by natural gas was simulated for all the thermal end uses of the energy mix. Besides, a comparative analysis taking into account other countries was carried out about the use of heat in the energy mixes, in order to estimate the electricity percent that could be substituted in Brazil and the equivalent amount of chemical energy that would be demanded. The possible environmental gains promoted by that substitution was also estimated. The results show the relevance of the theme and the impact that a policy of energy efficiency could attain.

ASSUNTO(S)

exergia eficiência energética energy efficiency planejamento energético entropy energy planning exergy entropia natural gas gás natural

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