Agonistic Interactions
Mostrando 25-34 de 34 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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25. Habitat structure determines competition intensity and invasion success in gecko lizards
Species diversity is correlated with structural complexity in many animal communities; however, experimental tests of the mechanisms underlying this important relationship are rare, especially in terrestrial communities. We manipulated physical features of the habitat of gecko lizards and measured the effect on exploitation competition for insects. Increasin
The National Academy of Sciences.
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26. Cancer immunotherapy: co-stimulatory agonists and co-inhibitory antagonists
The generation and maintenance of immune responses are controlled by both co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory signalling through T cell co-receptors, many of which belong to the immunoglobulin-like superfamily or the tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily. Agonistic or antagonistic monoclonal antibodies targeting these co-receptors have the potential to en
Blackwell Science Inc.
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27. Paternal relatedness and age proximity regulate social relationships among adult female rhesus macaques
Kin selection promotes the evolution of social behavior that increases the survival and reproductive success of close relatives. Among primates, maternal kinship frequently coincides with a higher frequency of grooming and agonistic aiding, but the extent to which paternal kinship influences adult female social relationships has not yet been investigated. He
The National Academy of Sciences.
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28. Dynamic neuromodulation of aggression by vasotocin: influence of social context and social phenotype in territorial songbirds
The homologous neuropeptides vasotocin (VT) and vasopressin (VP) influence agonistic behaviours across many taxa, but peptide–behaviour relationships are complex and purportedly species-specific. Putative species-specific effects in songbirds are confounded with context, however, such that territorial species have been tested only in resident–intruder pa
The Royal Society.
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29. Population effects of growth hormone transgenic coho salmon depend on food availability and genotype by environment interactions
Environmental risk assessment of genetically modified organisms requires determination of their fitness and invasiveness relative to conspecifics and other ecosystem members. Cultured growth hormone transgenic coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) have enhanced feeding capacity and growth, which can result in large enhancements in body size (>7-fold) relative t
National Academy of Sciences.
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30. CD40 stimulation leads to effective therapy of CD40− tumors through induction of strong systemic cytotoxic T lymphocyte immunity
Adequate spontaneous activation of tumor-specific T lymphocytes in tumor-bearing hosts is rare, despite the expression of tumor antigens that are potentially highly immunogenic. For example, failure of the immune system to raise competent responses against established tumors expressing the human adenovirus E1A-antigen allows this tumor to grow in immunocompe
National Academy of Sciences.
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31. CD154 is a negative regulator of autoaggressive CD8+ T cells in type 1 diabetes
TNF/CD80 mice, a CD8+ T cell-mediated model for type 1 diabetes, transgenically express tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and the costimulatory molecule CD80 in their pancreatic islets. Here we show that these molecules bypass the need for CD40–CD154 costimulatory interactions in activation of CD8+ T cells, allowing us to determine the role of CD40–CD154
National Academy of Sciences.
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32. Why do winners keep winning? Androgen mediation of winner but not loser effects in cichlid fish
Animal conflicts are influenced by social experience such that a previous winning experience increases the probability of winning the next agonistic interaction, whereas a previous losing experience has the opposite effect. Since androgens respond to social interactions, increasing in winners and decreasing in losers, we hypothesized that socially induced tr
The Royal Society.
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33. Inhibitory cross-talk between steroid hormone receptors: differential targeting of estrogen receptor in the repression of its transcriptional activity by agonist- and antagonist-occupied progestin receptors.
Although estrogen receptor (ER) and progestin receptor (PR) are members of different steroid hormone receptor subfamilies, there is considerable biological evidence for cross-talk between the estrogen and progestin hormone-receptor signaling pathways. We have developed a model system to analyze the mechanisms underlying this cross-talk, specifically the repr
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34. 4-1BB (CD137) Differentially Regulates Murine In Vivo Protein- and Polysaccharide-Specific Immunoglobulin Isotype Responses to Streptococcus pneumoniae
4-1BB (CD137) is induced on activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and delivers a costimulatory signal upon binding the 4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL) expressed on antigen-presenting cells. Induction of 4-1BB is dependent on activation via the T-cell receptor (TCR) and possibly CD28. It was previously demonstrated that both an in vivo protein (pneumococcal surface protein A
American Society for Microbiology.