Meningitis Bacterial
Mostrando 253-264 de 422 artigos, teses e dissertações.
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253. Daptomycin Is Highly Efficacious against Penicillin-Resistant and Penicillin- and Quinolone-Resistant Pneumococci in Experimental Meningitis
The penetration of daptomycin, a new lipopeptide antibiotic, into inflamed meninges ranged between 4.37 and 7.53% (mean, 5.97%). Daptomycin was very efficacious in the treatment of experimental pneumococcal meningitis, producing a decrease of −1.20 ± 0.32 Δlog10 CFU/ml · h in the bacterial titer of Streptococcus pneumoniae against a penicillin-resis
American Society for Microbiology.
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254. Chryseomonas luteola Identified as the Source of Serious Infections in a Moroccan University Hospital
Chryseomonas luteola has only rarely been reported as a human bacterial pathogen. It has been shown that this organism in particular affects patients with health or indwelling disorders. Most reported cases showed septicemia, meningitis, endocarditis, or peritonitis. Two C. luteola infections observed in Morocco are described in the present study.
American Society for Microbiology.
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255. Garenoxacin (BMS-284756) and Moxifloxacin in Experimental Meningitis Caused by Vancomycin-Tolerant Pneumococci
The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae drives the development and evaluation of new antipneumococcal agents, especially for the treatment of bacterial meningitis. The aims of the present study were to assess the antibacterial effectiveness of two new quinolones, garenoxacin (BMS; BMS-284756) and moxifloxacin (MOX) in experim
American Society for Microbiology.
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256. Experimental Study of LY333328 (Oritavancin), Alone and in Combination, in Therapy of Cephalosporin-Resistant Pneumococcal Meningitis
Using a rabbit model of meningitis, we sought to determine the efficacy of LY333328, a semisynthetic glycopeptide, in the treatment of cephalosporin-resistant pneumococcal meningitis. LY333328 was administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg of body weight/day, alone and in combination with ceftriaxone at 100 mg/kg/day with or without dexamethasone at 0.25 mg/kg/day.
American Society for Microbiology.
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257. Commercial latex agglutination test for rapid diagnosis of group B streptococcal infection in infants.
Although latex agglutination assays for detection of a variety of bacterial antigens in body fluids from patients with systemic infection have been shown to be useful as rapid diagnostic techniques, lack of commercial availability has restricted their application. The Streptex latex test kit for the detection of group B streptococcal (GBS) antigen in admissi
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258. Moxifloxacin in the Therapy of Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis
The activity of moxifloxacin (BAY 12-8039) against a Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3 strain (MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration [MBC] of moxifloxacin, 0.06 and 0.25 μg/ml, respectively; MIC and MBC of ceftriaxone, 0.03 and 0.06 μg/ml, respectively) was determined in vitro and in a rabbit model of meningitis. Despite comparable bactericidal activity
American Society for Microbiology.
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259. Correlation of in vitro time-kill curves and kinetics of bacterial killing in cerebrospinal fluid during ceftriaxone therapy of experimental Escherichia coli meningitis.
Ceftriaxone was highly active in eliminating Escherichia coli from the cerebrospinal fluid of rabbits infected with experimental meningitis. However, concentrations equal to or greater than 10 times the minimal bactericidal concentration had to be achieved to ensure optimal efficacy (rate of kill, 1.5 log10 CFU/ml per h). In contrast to other beta-lactams st
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260. Evaluation of the Wayson variation of a methylene blue staining procedure for the detection of microorganisms in cerebrospinal fluid.
Meningitis of bacterial origin is a severe infection that must receive immediate attention and prompt treatment. We evaluated a basic fuchsin-methylene blue, ethyl alcohol-phenol staining procedure (Wayson stain) and compared it with the Gram stain procedure for evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid. All smears were prepared within 30 min of receiving the specim
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261. Blood, Brain, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Concentrations of Several Antibiotics in Rabbits with Intact and Inflamed Meninges
Because cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) antibiotic levels fail to predict either clinical success or relapse in the treatment of bacterial meningitis, we examined simultaneous antibiotic concentrations in the blood, brain, and CSF of control rabbits and of animals with experimental pneumococcal meningitis. Cefamandole pharmacokinetics were analyzed in detail and c
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262. Rosaramicin Versus Penicillin G in Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis
Rosaramicin, a new macrolide antibiotic, was compared with penicillin G in the treatment of pneumococcal meningitis in rabbits. Animals were infected intracisternally with 104 colony-forming units of Streptococcus pneumoniae type III (rosaramicin minimal inhibitory/bactericidal concentrations, 0.25/0.5 μg/ml; penicillin G minimal inhibitory/bactericidal con
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263. Pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime in infants and children with bacterial meningitis.
A total of 38 patients with bacterial meningitis received either 50 or 75 mg of cefuroxime per kg of body weight given as a 15-min intravenous infusion during the first to third days of therapy. The mean peak plasma concentrations of cefuroxime after doses of 50 and 75 mg/kg were 105 and 152 micrograms/ml, respectively. In five patients, pharmacokinetic valu
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264. Penetration of cefoxitin into cerebrospinal fluid of infants and children with bacterial meningitis.
Three consecutive doses of 75 mg of cefoxitin per kg were given intravenously every 6 h (225 mg/kg), in addition to penicillin or ampicillin, to 24 patients on days 4 and 5 and 9 and 10 of therapy for meningitis. Haemophilus influenzae b was isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 21 patients, Streptococcus pneumoniae from 2 patients, and Neisseria mening