Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation: preemptive analgesia in open cholecystectomy. / Estimulação elétrica transcutânea do nervo: analgesia preemptiva em colecistectomia por laparotomia

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

Introduction. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) has been searched in the postoperative period, however these studies dont analyze whether low frequency TENS -- that stimulates the release of endogenous opioids -- could be efficient to provide preemptive analgesia. Objective. The aim of this study was to verify whether low frequency TENS, applied before open cholecystectomies, could provide it. Cases and method. It was a controlled, randomized and double-blinded trial, carried out at the Hospital São Domingos Sávio (Aracaju city, Brazil), and had a sample of 50 patients: preemptive group (n = 25) and placebo (n = 25). The patients from the first group were submitted to the application of TENS before the surgery; and the placebo group to a false stimulation. There was the standardization of the bupivacaine (0,5 %) as anesthetic drug plus fentanyl (2 ml) for the accomplishment of the cholecystectomies; and of the analgesic medication used in the postoperative period: dipyrone, prescribed for every 6 hours, and diclofenac, only if the patients complained about pain. Pain intensity was measured by the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), in 8 moments (2½, 3½, 4½, 5½, 7, 8 e 16 hours after inducing the anesthesia besides one last verification at the hospital discharge), and by the Brazilian version of the McGill Pain Questionnaire (Br-MPQ), applied 16 hours after inducing the anesthesia. Patient satisfaction level in relation to the treatment was measured by the Patient Satisfaction Scale (PSS). The data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney Test, unpaired t-test and qui-square, being significant, those data with p <0,05. Results. Pain intensity, measured by the NRS, was lower in the preemptive group in the third and fourth verifications. There was no difference neither in relation to the indexes obtained with the Br-MPQ, nor the PSS, consume of analgesics in the postoperative and time for the first request of diclofenac. Conclusion. Low frequency TENS provided preemptive analgesia after open cholecystectomy.

ASSUNTO(S)

dor pain transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation estimulação elétrica transcutânea do nervo analgesia preemptiva. cholecystectomy preemptive analgesia. colecistectomia

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