Proteção ambiental e direito à cidade no processo de expansão urbana no Distrito Federal: até que ponto existe um conflito?

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The thesis investigates the existence of a conflict between environment protection and right to the city in the urban expansion process of the Brazilian Federal District towards an environmentally protected area, the São Bartolomeu River Watershed. It analyses the social impacts of zoning ordinances incorporation of the environmental protection goal. This research question is pursued with the theoretical lenses of the social production of urban space literature that focuses on the importance of the spatial dimension to understand the urban exclusion phenomenon. It also draws on the political ecology literature that applies the political economy theory to the environmental question. The thesis undertakes an historical / geographical analysis of the planning process for a specific territory, and its possible socio- environmental effects. The main method consists in the spatial overlay of the urban dynamic, the pattern of environmental differentials and the territorial regulations. In order to do so, a data base was built using geographical information system (GIS) tools. In the Federal District, restrictive measures to urbanization of the land surrounding the Pilot Plan contributed to the rise in prices of housing options in this central area, which is fairly suitable for urban development in regards to environmental aspects. These measures ended up pushing low-income populations for peripheral subdivisions located closer to fragile ecosystems. In these peripheral spaces, environmental degradation is closely linked to the lack of affordable housing in suitable land by the formal real estate market. Without considering this cause of the environmental problem, the planning ordinances of the environmentally protected area of São Bartolomeu river watershed adopted restrictive requirements for urban development - such as low density and large plot sizes - within less fragile but more expensive portions of its territory. As a result of a particularly restrictive planning model that uses the environment protection goal to favor land speculative practices, there has been a concentration of environment degradation and social vulnerability in peripheral sites. Would these negative social effects of environmental policies be intrinsic to the environmentalism? To what extent does the conflict between environment protection and right to the city really exist? Wouldnt it be a false conflict, built to legitimate private interests on the urbanization process at expense of the socio-environmental function of property?

ASSUNTO(S)

master plan production of urban environment plano diretor right to the city direito à cidade apa da bacia do rio são bartolomeu territorial regulation federal district são bartolomeu river watershed apa environmental zoning environment protection regulações territoriais distrito federal proteção ambiental produção do meio ambiente urbano arquitetura e urbanismo zoneamento ambiental

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