Perspectivas para a contribuição do uso do etanol no transporte público urbano, visando à redução da poluição atmosférica - estudo de caso: Projeto Best / Perspectives to the contribution of ethanol utilization in the public urban transport, aiming to reduce air pollution - Case study: BEST Project

AUTOR(ES)
FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

17/08/2012

RESUMO

Diesel oil is the fuel with major importance in the automotive energy matrix in Brazil, corresponding to nearly half of the total fuel volume consumed in the country, apart from being a global option fuel for public urban transport. Diesel oil is a fossil fuel, not renewable, produced from fractioned petrol distillation; its use is linked to local air pollution (one that impacts the local air quality where the pollutant is emitted), to significant increases in hospital admissions, and to mortality from respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Ethanol appears to be a prospect to replace diesel in public transport. Ethanol utilization in buses is a reality in many cities in Sweden, mainly in Stockholm, where the diesel bus technology adapted to operate with ethanol has been utilized with great success since 1985, mainly from the environmental point of view. In order to encourage the use of ethanol in urban public transport, aimed to reduce air pollution in large urban centers, the project BEST Bioethanol for Sustainable Transport was conceived and encouraged by the European Union. In Brazil, one of the goals was to compare the performance of an experimental fleet of ethanol-powered buses with buses that run exclusively on diesel. The technology of ethanol-powered bus complies with EURO 5 emission standards, the current standard in Europe. This thesis aims to analyze the feasibility and perspectives of replacing diesel with ethanol in the urban public transport, considering technical, legal, socio-economic, political and environmental issues involved in the subject, in addition to evaluate aldehydes emissions in diesel vehicles, since these pollutant emissions are, in the literature, associated only with the use of ethanol in Otto cycle engines.

ASSUNTO(S)

air emissions diesel replacement emissões atmosféricas etanol ethanol public transport substituição de diesel transporte público

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