Ontogenesis of respiratory rhythms in Melipona quadrifasciata adult workers (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini). / Variações ontogenéticas nos parâmetros do ritmo respiratório de operárias de Melipona quadrifasciata (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini).

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

The eusocial organization promotes a behavioural development of adult worker-bees, based on an age-related division of labour. Workers switch from tasks inside the hive to foraging and undergo a progressive transition from controlled environment of the hive to a diurnal exposure to the environment outside the hive. The coordination of queen and workers’ activities depends on the association of spatial organization of the colony and rhythmicity of bees. This work aimed to detect possible changes in chronobiological parameters during the post-embryonic development of Melipona quadrifasciata workers. Three groups of workers were studied: age 24-48h (group i), 10-15 days old (group ii) and foragers (more than 25 days old, group iii). Oxygen consumption of individually isolated workers was determined by inttermitent respirometry (experiment conditions were constant darkness, 25  1C, water and food ad libitum). For the establishment of a time series, a set of 24h measurements were made under the same conditions in different individuals of the same age. This protocol allowed the characterization of endogenous rhythms with no social influence. Chi-square periodogram analysis revealed that oxygen consumption of all workers studied was controlled by an endogenous circadian clock. M. quadrifasciata workers are therefore rhythmic since the age of 24-48h. Cosinor analysis revealed that amplitude of oxygen consumption changed according to age: group i showed low values, while group iii showed large values (about ten times larger than group i). Ultradian frequencies were detected for all worker groups. The ultradian strength was larger in group i, and might be related to the frequency of queen ovipositions. Data collected during spring showed clearer oxygen consumption cycles in comparison to data collected during winter. Amplitude values were larger in spring, except for group iii, suggesting that seasonal strategies may occur in reproductive activities (POP). The association of rhythmic and spatial properties is essential to the precise organization of an eusocial bee colony. Thus, the study of rhythmicity integrated to division of labour is important to elucidate many questions concerning eusocial bees biology.

ASSUNTO(S)

melipona abelhas sem ferrão circadian rhythms ritmo circadiano ultradian rhythms ontogenesis stingless bees ritmo ultradiano melipona ontogênese

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