Influência da melatonina na frequência de crises e tempo de sobrevida de ratos submetidos ao modelo experimental de epilepsia induzido por pilocarpina / Influence of melatonin on the seizures frequency and survival in rats submitted to the induced model of epilepsy by pilocarpine

AUTOR(ES)

Vanessa Mota dos Santos Barateli

FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

30/03/2011

RESUMO

Approximately 1% of the population has epilepsy, the equivalent of 50 million people. Epilepsy is a chronic disorder caused by a predisposition to generate epileptic seizures and for the neurobiological, cognitive, psychosocial and social consequences of this condition, and should have occurred at least one seizure. The temporal lobe epilepsy (ELT) is the most common kind of epilepsy in adults, accounting for 40% of all cases. Nowadays, neuroprotective substances has been studied with the objective to decrease the effects of epilepsy. In this context the melatonin receive attention due to present antioxidant and anticonvulsant properties. Objective: To verify if melatonin treatment can modify the seizures frequency and survival in adult male Wistar rats submitted to pilocarpine model of epilepsy. Methods: Animals were divided in four groups: Saline, animals that received saline instead pilocarpine (n = 5); Epileptics (n = 5) animals submitted to pilocarpine epilepsy model; EPI+VEH (n = 5) animals submitted to pilocarpine epilepsy model and treated with vehicle solution (ethanol 1%) and Epi+MEL (n = 8) animals submitted to pilocarpine epilepsy model and treated with melatonin (10 mg / Kg). The animals of Epi + VEH and Epi + MEL groups were video-monitored during the 5th and 7th month of life after becoming chronic period and during the treatments in the 9th, 11th and 16th month of life to analyze duration and frequency of seizure . Animals that survived to complete the 20th month of life were killed and the brain was removed for analisys of the B1 and B2 kinin receptors, and citokines IL1] and TNF Ñ (imunohistochemical and PCR). The organs were removed for anatomical-pathological analysis. Results: The animals treated with melatonin not presented significant changes in the duration and frequency of seizures, although we found a large individual variability. The treatment with melatonin promote a survival of 87.5% in the animals compared to the animals that received vehicle 40%. The anatomo-pathological examination showed lung abnormalities in all groups. The immunohistochemistry and PCR not present differences between the groups. Conclusion: Despite the beneficial effects of melatonin, treatment with melatonin was not effective in the control of duration and frequency of seizures, although we found a large individual difference between the animals. However, we believe in the potential of melatonin in prolonging life expectancy, since the animals treated with melatonin showed a survival rate of 87,5% compared to 40% in the vehicle.

ASSUNTO(S)

epilepsia melatonina pilocarpina frequência de crises sobrevida neurologia

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